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The inference of Large language models (LLMs) requires immense computation and memory resources. To curtail these costs, quantisation has merged as a promising solution, but existing LLM quantisation mainly focuses on 8-bit. In this work,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Cheng Zhang , Jianyi Cheng , Ilia Shumailov , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao

Large language models of high parameter counts are computationally expensive, yet can be made much more efficient by compressing their weights to very low numerical precision. This can be achieved either through post-training quantization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Zifei Xu , Sayeh Sharify , Wanzin Yazar , Tristan Webb , Xin Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT and Llama2 are increasingly adopted in many safety-critical applications. Their security is thus essential. Even with considerable efforts spent on reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF),…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Jun Sun

While large language models have achieved remarkable performance on various code generation benchmarks, there have been growing concerns regarding potential contamination of these benchmarks as they may be leaked into pretraining and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Martin Riddell , Ansong Ni , Arman Cohan

Large language models (LLMs) have provided a lot of exciting new capabilities in software development. However, the opaque nature of these models makes them difficult to reason about and inspect. Their opacity gives rise to potential…

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized software development practices, yet concerns about their safety have arisen, particularly regarding hidden backdoors, aka trojans. Backdoor attacks involve the insertion of triggers into…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-05-21 Aftab Hussain , Md Rafiqul Islam Rabin , Mohammad Amin Alipour

Tokenization is fundamental in assembly code analysis, impacting intrinsic characteristics like vocabulary size, semantic coverage, and extrinsic performance in downstream tasks. Despite its significance, tokenization in the context of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Ahmed Mostafa , Raisul Arefin Nahid , Samuel Mulder

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly increasing in size, with the number of parameters becoming a key factor in the success of many commercial models, such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Bard. Even the recently released publicly accessible…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-19 Somnath Roy

Quantization and pruning form the foundation of compression for neural networks, enabling efficient inference for large language models (LLMs). Recently, various quantization and pruning techniques have demonstrated remarkable performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-06 Miles Williams , Nikolaos Aletras

Background: Large language models (LLMs) have greatly improved the accuracy of automated program repair (APR) methods. However, LLMs are constrained by high computational resource requirements. Aims: We focus on small language models…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-08-25 Kazuki Kusama , Honglin Shu , Masanari Kondo , Yasutaka Kamei

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) enhances the efficiency of Large Language Models (LLMs) by enabling faster operation and compatibility with more accessible hardware through reduced memory usage, at the cost of small performance drops. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Davide Paglieri , Saurabh Dash , Tim Rocktäschel , Jack Parker-Holder

Large language models (LLMs) are omnipresent, however their practical deployment is challenging due to their ever increasing computational and memory demands. Quantization is one of the most effective ways to make them more compute and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-09-04 Yelysei Bondarenko , Riccardo Del Chiaro , Markus Nagel

In this paper, we present a challenging code reasoning task: vulnerability detection. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results in natural-language and math reasoning, but state-of-the-art (SOTA) models reported only 54.5%…

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer powerful capabilities, but their significant size and computational requirements hinder deployment on resource-constrained mobile devices. This paper investigates Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Agatsya Yadav , Renta Chintala Bhargavi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated strong potential for cybersecurity question answering (QA), supporting decision-making in real-time threat detection and response workflows. However, their substantial computational…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-18 Onat Gungor , Roshan Sood , Harold Wang , Tajana Rosing

The increasing scale of Transformer models has led to an increase in their pre-training computational requirements. While quantization has proven to be effective after pre-training and during fine-tuning, applying quantization in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Kamran Chitsaz , Quentin Fournier , Gonçalo Mordido , Sarath Chandar

Tokenization is an understudied and often neglected component of modern LLMs. Most published works use a single tokenizer for all experiments, often borrowed from another model, without performing ablations or analysis to optimize…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-08 Gautier Dagan , Gabriel Synnaeve , Baptiste Rozière

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly but face significant memory demands. While quantization has shown promise for LLMs, current methods typically require lengthy training to alleviate the performance degradation from…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Ke Yi , Yuhui Xu , Heng Chang , Chen Tang , Yuan Meng , Tong Zhang , Jia Li

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit excellent performance in various tasks. However, the memory requirements of LLMs present a great challenge when deploying on memory-limited devices, even for quantized LLMs. This paper introduces a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Weilan Wang , Yu Mao , Dongdong Tang , Hongchao Du , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

Growing applications of large language models (LLMs) trained by a third party raise serious concerns on the security vulnerability of LLMs.It has been demonstrated that malicious actors can covertly exploit these vulnerabilities in LLMs…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-11 Shuli Jiang , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Yi Zhou , Ling Cai , Nathalie Baracaldo