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Reasoning large language models (RLLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities through structured and multi-step reasoning. While prior research has primarily focused on improving their training and inference strategies, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Haotian Wu , Bo Xu , Yao Shu , Menglin Yang , Chengwei Qin

Multi-hop inference is necessary for machine learning systems to successfully solve tasks such as Recognising Textual Entailment and Machine Reading. In this work, we demonstrate the effectiveness of adaptive computation for learning the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2016-11-17 Mark Neumann , Pontus Stenetorp , Sebastian Riedel

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in reasoning tasks. However, LLMs tend to generate excessively long reasoning content, leading to significant computational overhead. Our observations indicate that even on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Guochao Jiang , Guofeng Quan , Zepeng Ding , Ziqin Luo , Dixuan Wang , Zheng Hu

The inherent capabilities of a language model (LM) and the reasoning strategies it employs jointly determine its performance in reasoning tasks. While test-time scaling is regarded as an effective approach to tackling complex reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Zhihong Pan , Kai Zhang , Yuze Zhao , Yupeng Han

Recent advancements in slow thinking reasoning models have shown exceptional performance in complex reasoning tasks. However, these models often exhibit overthinking (generating redundant reasoning steps for simple problems), leading to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Yi Shen , Jian Zhang , Jieyun Huang , Shuming Shi , Wenjing Zhang , Jiangze Yan , Ning Wang , Kai Wang , Zhaoxiang Liu , Shiguo Lian

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have further improved performance in System-2 reasoning…

Recent thinking models trained with reinforcement learning and backward-checking CoT often suffer from overthinking: they produce excessively long outputs even on simple problems, wasting computation. Existing evaluations, based on token…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Siqi Fan , Bowen Qin , Peng Han , Shuo Shang , Yequan Wang , Aixin Sun

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have significantly advanced performance on complex tasks, yet their tendency to overthink introduces inefficiencies. This study investigates the internal mechanisms of reinforcement learning (RL)-trained LRMs…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Rongzhi Zhu , Yi Liu , Zequn Sun , Yiwei Wang , Wei Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) often falter in complex reasoning tasks due to their static, parametric knowledge, leading to hallucinations and poor performance in specialized domains like mathematics. This work explores a fundamental…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Srijan Shakya , Anamaria-Roberta Hartl , Sepp Hochreiter , Korbinian Pöppel

Large reasoning models achieve high accuracy through extended chain-of-thought but generate 5--8 more tokens than necessary, applying verbose reasoning uniformly regardless of problem difficulty. We propose Hint Tuning, a data-efficient…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Siqi Fan , Minghao Li , Xiaoqian Ma , Xiusheng Huang , Zhuo Chen , Bowen Qin , Liujie Zhang , Shuo Shang , Weihang Chen

As the Web transitions from static retrieval to generative interaction, the escalating environmental footprint of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents a critical sustainability challenge. Current paradigms indiscriminately apply…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Linxiao Li , Zhixiang Lu

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve superior performance by extending the thought length. However, a lengthy thinking trajectory leads to reduced efficiency. Most of the existing methods are stuck in the assumption of overthinking and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Xiaoang Xu , Shuo Wang , Xu Han , Zhenghao Liu , Huijia Wu , Peipei Li , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun , Zhaofeng He

Large reasoning models (LRMs) like OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1 achieve high accuracy on complex tasks by adopting long chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning paths. However, the inherent verbosity of these processes frequently results in redundancy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Chenzhi Hu , Qinzhe Hu , Yuhang Xu , Junyi Chen , Ruijie Wang , Shengzhong Liu , Jianxin Li , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Large reasoning models, such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, tend to become increasingly verbose as their reasoning capabilities improve. These inflated Chain-of-Thought (CoT) trajectories often exceed what the underlying problems require,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Songtao Wei , Yi Li , Zhikai Li , Xu Hu , Yuede Ji , Guanpeng Li , Feng Chen , Carl Yang , Zhichun Guo , Bingzhe Li

Scaling inference-time computation has substantially improved the reasoning capabilities of language models. However, existing methods have significant limitations: serialized chain-of-thought approaches generate overly long outputs,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Jiayi Pan , Xiuyu Li , Long Lian , Charlie Snell , Yifei Zhou , Adam Yala , Trevor Darrell , Kurt Keutzer , Alane Suhr

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet they often suffer from overthinking, expending redundant computational steps on simple problems, or underthinking, failing to explore sufficient reasoning paths…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Yulin Li , Tengyao Tu , Li Ding , Junjie Wang , Huiling Zhen , Yixin Chen , Yong Li , Zhuotao Tian

Modern large reasoning models demonstrate impressive problem-solving capabilities by employing sophisticated reasoning strategies. However, they often struggle to balance efficiency and effectiveness, frequently generating unnecessarily…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Shijue Huang , Hongru Wang , Wanjun Zhong , Zhaochen Su , Jiazhan Feng , Bowen Cao , Yi R. Fung

Large Reasoning Language Models (LRLMs or LRMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in complex reasoning tasks, but suffer from significant computational inefficiencies due to overthinking phenomena. Existing efficient reasoning methods…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-13 Dongqi Zheng

Test-time scaling via explicit reasoning trajectories significantly boosts large language model (LLM) performance but often triggers overthinking. To explore this, we analyze reasoning through two lenses: Reasoning Length Dynamics, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Zihao Wei , Liang Pang , Jiahao Liu , Wenjie Shi , Jingcheng Deng , Shicheng Xu , Zenghao Duan , Fei Sun , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Scaling model size and training data has led to great advances in the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the diminishing returns of this approach necessitate alternative methods to improve model capabilities, particularly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Daman Arora , Andrea Zanette