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We introduce DialToM, an annotated Theory of Mind (ToM) benchmark built from naturalistic human-human dialogues using a multiple-choice evaluation framework. Concurrent with recent work showing a gap between explicit mental-state inference…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Neemesh Yadav , Palakorn Achananuparp , Jing Jiang , Ee-Peng Lim

The ability to understand and predict the mental states of oneself and others, known as the Theory of Mind (ToM), is crucial for effective social scenarios. Although recent studies have evaluated ToM in Large Language Models (LLMs),…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Fangxu Yu , Lai Jiang , Shenyi Huang , Zhen Wu , Xinyu Dai

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly participate in human-AI interactions, evaluating their Theory of Mind (ToM) capabilities - particularly their ability to track dynamic mental states - becomes crucial. While existing benchmarks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Yang Xiao , Jiashuo Wang , Qiancheng Xu , Changhe Song , Chunpu Xu , Yi Cheng , Wenjie Li , Pengfei Liu

We propose MToMnet - a Theory of Mind (ToM) neural network for predicting beliefs and their dynamics during human social interactions from multimodal input. ToM is key for effective nonverbal human communication and collaboration, yet,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Matteo Bortoletto , Constantin Ruhdorfer , Lei Shi , Andreas Bulling

Persuasive dialogue requires reasoning about others' latent mental states, a capability known as Theory of Mind (ToM). However, due to reliance on simple prompting strategies and insufficient ToM knowledge, existing LLMs often fail to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Minghui Ma , Bin Guo , Runze Yang , Mengqi Chen , Yan Liu , Jingqi Liu , Yahan Pei , Xuehao Ma , Qiuyun Zhang , Zhiwen Yu

Existing dynamic Theory of Mind (ToM) benchmarks mostly place language models in a passive role: the model reads a sequence of connected scenarios and reports what people believe, feel, intend, and do as these states change. In real social…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Zhichao Liang , Satoshi Nakamura

Theory of Mind (ToM)-the ability to reason about the mental states of oneself and others-is a cornerstone of human social intelligence. As Large Language Models (LLMs) become ubiquitous in real-world applications, validating their capacity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Ruirui Chen , Weifeng Jiang , Chengwei Qin , Cheston Tan

Theory of mind (ToM) evaluations currently focus on testing models using passive narratives that inherently lack interactivity. We introduce FANToM, a new benchmark designed to stress-test ToM within information-asymmetric conversational…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-01 Hyunwoo Kim , Melanie Sclar , Xuhui Zhou , Ronan Le Bras , Gunhee Kim , Yejin Choi , Maarten Sap

Theory of Mind (ToM) is central to social cognition and human-AI interaction, and Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used to help understand and represent ToM. However, most evaluations treat ToM as a static judgment at a single moment,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Thuy Ngoc Nguyen , Duy Nhat Phan , Cleotilde Gonzalez

In this paper, a pragmatic semantic communication framework that enables effective goal-oriented information sharing between two-intelligent agents is proposed. In particular, semantics is defined as the causal state that encapsulates the…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2023-12-01 Christo Kurisummoottil Thomas , Emilio Calvanese Strinati , Walid Saad

Existing Theory of Mind (ToM) benchmarks diverge from real-world scenarios in three aspects: 1) they assess a limited range of mental states such as beliefs, 2) false beliefs are not comprehensively explored, and 3) the diverse personality…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have developed rapidly and are widely applied to both general-purpose and professional tasks to assist human users. However, they still struggle to comprehend and respond to the true user needs when intentions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Minyuan Ruan , Ziyue Wang , Kaiming Liu , Yunghwei Lai , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Theory of Mind (ToM)-the cognitive ability to reason about mental states of ourselves and others, is the foundation of social interaction. Although ToM comes naturally to humans, it poses a significant challenge to even the most advanced…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Guiyang Hou , Wenqi Zhang , Yongliang Shen , Linjuan Wu , Weiming Lu

Understanding Theory of Mind is essential for building socially intelligent multimodal agents capable of perceiving and interpreting human behavior. We introduce MoMentS (Multimodal Mental States), a comprehensive benchmark designed to…

Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to understand people's mental states, is an essential ingredient for developing machines with human-level social intelligence. Recent machine learning models, particularly large language models, seem to…

As a foundational component of cognitive intelligence, theory of mind (ToM) can make AI more closely resemble human thought processes, thereby enhancing their interaction and collaboration with human. In particular, it can significantly…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2024-02-13 Yuanyuan Mao , Xin Lin , Qin Ni , Liang He

Theory of Mind (ToM) reasoning with Large Language Models (LLMs) requires inferring how people's implicit, evolving beliefs shape what they seek and how they act under uncertainty -- especially in high-stakes settings such as disaster…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Ruxiao Chen , Xilei Zhao , Thomas J. Cova , Frank A. Drews , Susu Xu

Persuasive dialogue is central to human communication, yet existing datasets often rely on a single language model generating both roles, producing unrealistic interactions that violate the double-blind nature of persuasion. To overcome…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Dingyi Zhang , Linhai Zhang , Fanglei Qu , Ziqing Zhuang , Deyu Zhou

The reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs), defined as their ability to analyze, infer, and make decisions based on input information, is essential for building intelligent task-oriented dialogue systems. However, existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Yu Zhu , Kai Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have sparked substantial interest and debate concerning their potential emergence of Theory of Mind (ToM) ability. Theory of mind evaluations currently focuses on testing models using machine-generated data or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Chunkit Chan , Cheng Jiayang , Yauwai Yim , Zheye Deng , Wei Fan , Haoran Li , Xin Liu , Hongming Zhang , Weiqi Wang , Yangqiu Song
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