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Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful post-training paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). However, reinforcement learning for LLMs faces substantial data scarcity challenges,…

Offline reinforcement learning requires reconciling two conflicting aims: learning a policy that improves over the behavior policy that collected the dataset, while at the same time minimizing the deviation from the behavior policy so as to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-13 Ilya Kostrikov , Ashvin Nair , Sergey Levine

Recent advances in vision-language-action (VLA) models have motivated the extension of their capabilities to embodied settings, where reinforcement learning (RL) offers a principled way to optimize task success through interaction. However,…

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) is the generalization of standard reinforcement learning (RL) approaches to solve sequential decision making problems that consist of several, possibly conflicting, objectives. Generally, in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-10-08 Xi Chen , Ali Ghadirzadeh , Mårten Björkman , Patric Jensfelt

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has become a key technique for enhancing LLMs' reasoning abilities, yet its data inefficiency remains a major bottleneck. To address this critical yet challenging issue, we present a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Shipeng Li , Zhiqin Yang , Shikun Li , Xiaobo Xia , Hengyu Liu , Xinghua Zhang , Gaode Chen , Dong Fang , Ying Tai , Zhe Peng

We report a novel, computationally efficient approach for solving hard nonlinear problems of reinforcement learning (RL). Here we combine umbrella sampling, from computational physics/chemistry, with optimal control methods. The approach is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Egor E. Nuzhin , Nikolai V. Brilliantov

Reinforcement learning (RL) is promising for complicated stochastic nonlinear control problems. Without using a mathematical model, an optimal controller can be learned from data evaluated by certain performance criteria through…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-11-16 Minghao Han , Yuan Tian , Lixian Zhang , Jun Wang , Wei Pan

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) enables policy learning from static data but often suffers from poor coverage of the state-action space and distributional shift problems. This problem can be addressed by allowing limited online…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Soumyadeep Roy , Shashwat Kushwaha , Ambedkar Dukkipati

Training large language models with reinforcement learning (RL) against verifiable rewards significantly enhances their reasoning abilities, yet remains computationally expensive due to inefficient uniform prompt sampling. We introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Ruiqi Zhang , Daman Arora , Song Mei , Andrea Zanette

We apply reinforcement learning (RL) to robotics tasks. One of the drawbacks of traditional RL algorithms has been their poor sample efficiency. One approach to improve the sample efficiency is model-based RL. In our model-based RL…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-16 Adithya Ramesh , Balaraman Ravindran

In offline reinforcement learning (RL), we seek to utilize offline data to evaluate (or learn) policies in scenarios where the data are collected from a distribution that substantially differs from that of the target policy to be evaluated.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-09 Ruosong Wang , Yifan Wu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sham M. Kakade

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed framework for collaborative model training over large-scale distributed data, enabling higher performance while maintaining client data privacy. However, the nature of model aggregation at the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Ali Murad , Bo Hui , Wei-Shinn Ku

Scaling vision-language-action (VLA) model pre-training requires large volumes of diverse, high-quality manipulation trajectories. Most current data is obtained via human teleoperation, which is expensive and difficult to scale.…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Rushuai Yang , Zhiyuan Feng , Tianxiang Zhang , Kaixin Wang , Chuheng Zhang , Li Zhao , Xiu Su , Yi Chen , Jiang Bian

Hierarchical reinforcement learning (HRL) is a promising approach to extend traditional reinforcement learning (RL) methods to solve more complex tasks. Yet, the majority of current HRL methods require careful task-specific design and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-10-08 Ofir Nachum , Shixiang Gu , Honglak Lee , Sergey Levine

We present Unified Latent Dynamics (ULD), a novel reinforcement learning algorithm that unifies the efficiency of model-free methods with the representational strengths of model-based approaches, without incurring planning overhead. By…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Jashaswimalya Acharjee , Balaraman Ravindran

Reasoning large language models (LLMs) excel in complex tasks, which has drawn significant attention to reinforcement learning (RL) for LLMs. However, existing approaches allocate an equal number of rollouts to all questions during the RL…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Mengqi Liao , Xiangyu Xi , Ruinian Chen , Jia Leng , Yangen Hu , Ke Zeng , Shuai Liu , Huaiyu Wan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enhances LLM reasoning, yet a paradox emerges as models scale: strong base models saturate standard benchmarks (e.g., MATH), yielding correct but homogeneous solutions. In such environments, the lack of failure…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Zhenwen Liang , Yujun Zhou , Sidi Lu , Xiangliang Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu

High update-to-data (UTD) ratio algorithms in reinforcement learning (RL) improve sample efficiency but incur high computational costs, limiting real-world scalability. We propose Offline Stabilization Phases for Efficient Q-Learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Carlo Romeo , Girolamo Macaluso , Alessandro Sestini , Andrew D. Bagdanov

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly popular in various fields, including precision agriculture, search and rescue, and remote sensing. However, exploring unknown environments remains a significant challenge. This study…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Ali Moltajaei Farid , Jafar Roshanian , Malek Mouhoub

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) on mathematics and programming tasks, but standard approaches that optimize single-attempt accuracy can inadvertently…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-27 Devan Shah , Owen Yang , Daniel Yang , Chongyi Zheng , Benjamin Eysenbach
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