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Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) dominates reinforcement learning and LLM alignment but relies on a "hard clipping" mechanism that discards valuable gradients. Conversely, unconstrained methods like SPO expose the optimization to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-07 Yiheng Zhang , Yiming Wang , Kaiyan Zhao , Zhenglin Wan , Jiayu Chen , Leong Hou U

Automated decision-making tools increasingly assess individuals to determine if they qualify for high-stakes opportunities. A recent line of research investigates how strategic agents may respond to such scoring tools to receive favorable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-28 Keegan Harris , Hoda Heidari , Zhiwei Steven Wu

Policy-Space Response Oracles (PSRO) as a general algorithmic framework has achieved state-of-the-art performance in learning equilibrium policies of two-player zero-sum games. However, the hand-crafted hyperparameter value selection in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-04-18 Pengdeng Li , Shuxin Li , Chang Yang , Xinrun Wang , Xiao Huang , Hau Chan , Bo An

Neural Network based approximations of the Value function make up the core of leading Policy Based methods such as Trust Regional Policy Optimization (TRPO) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO). While this adds significant value when…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-03 Hari Srikanth

We describe an iterative procedure for optimizing policies, with guaranteed monotonic improvement. By making several approximations to the theoretically-justified procedure, we develop a practical algorithm, called Trust Region Policy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2017-04-24 John Schulman , Sergey Levine , Philipp Moritz , Michael I. Jordan , Pieter Abbeel

In the paper, we design a novel Bregman gradient policy optimization framework for reinforcement learning based on Bregman divergences and momentum techniques. Specifically, we propose a Bregman gradient policy optimization (BGPO) algorithm…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-17 Feihu Huang , Shangqian Gao , Heng Huang

In Reinforcement Learning, the optimal action at a given state is dependent on policy decisions at subsequent states. As a consequence, the learning targets evolve with time and the policy optimization process must be efficient at…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-16 Romain Laroche , Remi Tachet

We extend trust region policy optimization (TRPO) to multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) problems. We show that the policy update of TRPO can be transformed into a distributed consensus optimization problem for multi-agent cases. By…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-08 Hepeng Li , Haibo He

We introduce a new algorithm for reinforcement learning called Maximum aposteriori Policy Optimisation (MPO) based on coordinate ascent on a relative entropy objective. We show that several existing methods can directly be related to our…

This paper presents an extension of the Mirror Descent method to overcome challenges in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) settings, where agents have varying abilities and individual policies. The proposed…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-15 Mohammad Mehdi Nasiri , Mansoor Rezghi

Existing methods for nonconvex bilevel optimization (NBO) require prior knowledge of first- and second-order problem-specific parameters (e.g., Lipschitz constants and the Polyak-{\L}ojasiewicz (P{\L}) parameters) to set step sizes, a…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-01-01 Xu Shi , Yinglin Du , Rufeng Xiao , Rujun Jiang

Asynchronous reinforcement learning has become increasingly central to scaling LLM post-training, delivering major throughput gains by decoupling rollout generation from policy updates. However, widely used policy-gradient objectives such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Luke J. Huang , Zhuoyang Zhang , Qinghao Hu , Shang Yang , Song Han

Policy gradient methods are widely used in reinforcement learning algorithms to search for better policies in the parameterized policy space. They do gradient search in the policy space and are known to converge very slowly. Nesterov…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-04-26 K. Lakshmanan

Bilevel optimization has recently attracted significant attention in machine learning due to its wide range of applications and advanced hierarchical optimization capabilities. In this paper, we propose a plug-and-play framework, named…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2025-05-05 Tianshu Chu , Dachuan Xu , Wei Yao , Chengming Yu , Jin Zhang

This letter studies multi-agent reinforcement learning in partially observable Markov potential games. Solving this problem is challenging due to partial observability, decentralized information, and the curse of dimensionality. First, to…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Wonseok Yang , Thinh T. Doan

This paper provides the first expert sample complexity characterization for learning a Nash equilibrium from expert data in Markov Games. We show that a new quantity named the single policy deviation concentrability coefficient is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Till Freihaut , Luca Viano , Volkan Cevher , Matthieu Geist , Giorgia Ramponi

In this paper, we aim to solve Bayesian Risk Optimization (BRO), which is a recently proposed framework that formulates simulation optimization under input uncertainty. In order to efficiently solve the BRO problem, we derive nested…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2020-07-17 Sait Cakmak , Di Wu , Enlu Zhou

Hierarchical reinforcement learning is a promising approach to tackle long-horizon decision-making problems with sparse rewards. Unfortunately, most methods still decouple the lower-level skill acquisition process and the training of a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-05-15 Alexander C. Li , Carlos Florensa , Ignasi Clavera , Pieter Abbeel

Recently, bi-level optimization (BLO) has taken center stage in some very exciting developments in the area of signal processing (SP) and machine learning (ML). Roughly speaking, BLO is a classical optimization problem that involves two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-22 Yihua Zhang , Prashant Khanduri , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Yuguang Yao , Mingyi Hong , Sijia Liu

This paper provides the details of implementing two important policy gradient methods to solve the inverted pendulum problem. These are namely the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) and the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-18 Swagat Kumar