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Popularity bias fundamentally undermines the personalization capabilities of collaborative filtering (CF) models, causing them to disproportionately recommend popular items while neglecting users' genuine preferences for niche content.…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Lingfeng Liu , Yixin Song , Dazhong Shen , Bing Yin , Hao Li , Yanyong Zhang , Chao Wang

Collaborative Filtering (CF) models, despite their great success, suffer from severe performance drops due to popularity distribution shifts, where these changes are ubiquitous and inevitable in real-world scenarios. Unfortunately, most…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-05-19 An Zhang , Jingnan Zheng , Xiang Wang , Yancheng Yuan , Tat-Seng Chua

Collaborative Filtering (CF) methods dominate real-world recommender systems given their ability to learn high-quality, sparse ID-embedding tables that effectively capture user preferences. These tables scale linearly with the number of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Donald Loveland , Xinyi Wu , Tong Zhao , Danai Koutra , Neil Shah , Mingxuan Ju

Collaborative filtering (CF) is a core technique for recommender systems. Traditional CF approaches exploit user-item relations (e.g., clicks, likes, and views) only and hence they suffer from the data sparsity issue. Items are usually…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2020-10-19 Guangneng Hu

Collaborative filtering (CF) plays a critical role in the development of recommender systems. Most CF methods utilize an encoder to embed users and items into the same representation space, and the Bayesian personalized ranking (BPR) loss…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2022-06-28 Chenyang Wang , Yuanqing Yu , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang , Chong Chen , Yiqun Liu , Shaoping Ma

In leading collaborative filtering (CF) models, representations of users and items are prone to learn popularity bias in the training data as shortcuts. The popularity shortcut tricks are good for in-distribution (ID) performance but poorly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-18 An Zhang , Wenchang Ma , Jingnan Zheng , Xiang Wang , Tat-seng Chua

Collaborative filtering (CF) models easily suffer from popularity bias, which makes recommendation deviate from users' actual preferences. However, most current debiasing strategies are prone to playing a trade-off game between head and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-02-21 An Zhang , Wenchang Ma , Xiang Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Recommender system usually faces popularity bias issues: from the data perspective, items exhibit uneven (long-tail) distribution on the interaction frequency; from the method perspective, collaborative filtering methods are prone to…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2021-05-14 Yang Zhang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He , Tianxin Wei , Chonggang Song , Guohui Ling , Yongdong Zhang

As LLMs continue to scale, improving training efficiency increasingly depends on using data more effectively. Data selection addresses this problem by allocating a limited training budget to samples that best promote a target behavior.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Qihao Lin , Guanxu Chen , Dongrui Liu , Jing Shao

User historical interaction data is the primary signal for learning user preferences in collaborative filtering (CF). However, the training data often exhibits a long-tailed distribution, where only a few items have the majority of…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Md Aminul Islam , Elena Zheleva , Ren Wang

Collaborative filtering (CF) is a pivotal technique in modern recommender systems. The learning process of CF models typically consists of three components: interaction encoder, loss function, and negative sampling. Although many existing…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-10-31 Seongmin Park , Mincheol Yoon , Jae-woong Lee , Hogun Park , Jongwuk Lee

Although deep learning-based personalized recommendation systems provide qualified recommendations, they strain data center resources. The main bottleneck is the embedding layer, which is highly memory-intensive due to its sparse, irregular…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Youngsuk Kim , Junghwan Lim , Hyuk-Jae Lee , Chae Eun Rhee

Collaborative filtering (CF) recommender systems struggle with making predictions on unseen, or 'cold', items. Systems designed to address this challenge are often trained with supervision from warm CF models in order to leverage…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Gregor Meehan , Johan Pauwels

The prevailing paradigm in large language model (LLM) development is to pretrain a base model, then perform further training to improve performance and model behavior. However, hyperparameter optimization and scaling laws have been studied…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Tessa Han , Sebastian Bordt , Hanlin Zhang , Sham Kakade

Because implicit user feedback for the collaborative filtering (CF) models is biased toward popular items, CF models tend to yield recommendation lists with popularity bias. Previous studies have utilized inverse propensity weighting (IPW)…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Jae-woong Lee , Seongmin Park , Mincheol Yoon , Jongwuk Lee

Recommender systems learn from historical user-item interactions to identify preferred items for target users. These observed interactions are usually unbalanced following a long-tailed distribution. Such long-tailed data lead to popularity…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2022-11-03 Weijieying Ren , Lei Wang , Kunpeng Liu , Ruocheng Guo , Lim Ee Peng , Yanjie Fu

Collaborative Filtering (CF) typically suffers from the significant challenge of popularity bias due to the uneven distribution of items in real-world datasets. This bias leads to a significant accuracy gap between popular and unpopular…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Miaomiao Cai , Lei Chen , Yifan Wang , Haoyue Bai , Peijie Sun , Le Wu , Min Zhang , Meng Wang

Recommender systems leverage extensive user interaction data to model preferences; however, directly modeling these data may introduce biases that disproportionately favor popular items. In this paper, we demonstrate that popularity bias…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Jiahao Liu , Dongsheng Li , Hansu Gu , Peng Zhang , Tun Lu , Li Shang , Ning Gu

Graph collaborative filtering (GCF) is a dominant paradigm in recommender systems, where contrastive learning (CL) objectives such as the Sampled Softmax (SSM) loss are widely used for optimization. However, it remains unclear how CL…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Geon Lee , Sunwoo Kim , Kyungho Kim , Kijung Shin

Recommender models are commonly used to suggest relevant items to a user for e-commerce and online advertisement-based applications. These models use massive embedding tables to store numerical representation of items' and users'…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Muhammad Adnan , Yassaman Ebrahimzadeh Maboud , Divya Mahajan , Prashant J. Nair
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