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Metric Differential Privacy (mDP) extends the local differential privacy (LDP) framework to metric spaces, enabling more nuanced privacy protection for data such as geo-locations. However, existing mDP optimization methods, particularly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-11 Ruiyao Liu , Chenxi Qiu

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have gained significant attention across various domains. However, their widespread adoption has also raised serious safety concerns. In this paper, we uncover a new safety risk of MLLMs:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Yifan Lan , Yuanpu Cao , Weitong Zhang , Lu Lin , Jinghui Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are combined with tools to create powerful LLM agents that provide a wide range of services. Unlike traditional software, LLM agent's behavior is determined at runtime by natural language prompts from either…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Juhee Kim , Woohyuk Choi , Byoungyoung Lee

Recent studies demonstrate that Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to different prompt-based attacks, generating harmful content or sensitive information. Both closed-source and open-source LLMs are underinvestigated for these…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-21 Jiawen Wang , Pritha Gupta , Ivan Habernal , Eyke Hüllermeier

Privacy policies are often obfuscated by their complexity, which impedes transparency and informed consent. Conventional machine learning approaches for automatically analyzing these policies demand significant resources and substantial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-24 Arda Goknil , Femke B. Gelderblom , Simeon Tverdal , Shukun Tokas , Hui Song

The remarkable capability of large language models (LLMs) has led to the wide application of LLM-based agents in various domains. To standardize interactions between LLM-based agents and their environments, model context protocol (MCP)…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Ping He , Changjiang Li , Binbin Zhao , Tianyu Du , Shouling Ji

Large language models are increasingly used as orchestrators of external tools via the Model Context Protocol (MCP), but MCP is built for software services with megabytes of memory and does not descend to the microcontrollers that dominate…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Dongxu Yang

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) has been proposed as a unifying standard for connecting large language models (LLMs) with external tools and resources, promising the same role for AI integration that HTTP and USB played for the Web and…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Hechuan Guo , Yongle Hao , Yue Zhang , Minghui Xu , Peizhuo Lv , Jiezhi Chen , Xiuzhen Cheng

Large Language Model (LLM) training often optimizes for preference alignment, rewarding outputs that are perceived as helpful and interaction-friendly. However, this preference-oriented objective can be exploited: manipulative prompts can…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Hongjun An , Yiliang Song , Jiangan Chen , Jiawei Shao , Chi Zhang , Xuelong Li

This work demonstrates that LLM-based web navigation agents offer powerful automation capabilities but are vulnerable to Indirect Prompt Injection (IPI) attacks. We show that adversaries can embed universal adversarial triggers in webpage…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Sam Johnson , Viet Pham , Thai Le

Prompt injection is listed as the number-one vulnerability class in the OWASP Top 10 for LLM Applications that can subvert LLM guardrails, disclose sensitive data, and trigger unauthorized tool use. Developers are rapidly adopting…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Charoes Huang , Xin Huang , Amin Milani Fard

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is emerging as a common interface connecting large language models (LLMs) with external services. Remote deployments are becoming increasingly important as agents connect to user-linked online services, such…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Huijun Zhou , Xiaohan Zhang , Haozhe Zhang , Haoyang Zhang , Mi Zhang , Min Yang

The majority of methods for crafting adversarial attacks have focused on scenes with a single dominant object (e.g., images from ImageNet). On the other hand, natural scenes include multiple dominant objects that are semantically related.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-10-18 Abhishek Aich , Calvin-Khang Ta , Akash Gupta , Chengyu Song , Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy , M. Salman Asif , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury

Model Context Protocol (MCP) is a rapidly adopted standard for defining and invoking external tools in LLM applications. The multi-layered architecture of MCP introduces new attack surfaces such as tool poisoning, in addition to traditional…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 İpek Abasıkeleş Turgut , Edip Gümüş

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) provide a powerful foundation for natural language tasks in large-scale customer-facing applications. However, studies that explore their vulnerabilities emerging from malicious user…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-11-18 Fábio Perez , Ian Ribeiro

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized how we interact with machines. However, this technological advancement has been paralleled by the emergence of "Mallas," malicious services operating underground that exploit LLMs for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-12 Garrett Crumrine , Izzat Alsmadi , Jesus Guerrero , Yuvaraj Munian

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

LLM-based programming assistants offer the promise of programming faster but with the risk of introducing more security vulnerabilities. Prior work has studied how LLMs could be maliciously fine-tuned to suggest vulnerabilities more often.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-17 John Heibel , Daniel Lowd

The model context protocol (MCP) standardizes how LLMs connect to external tools and data sources, enabling faster integration but introducing new attack vectors. Despite the growing adoption of MCP, existing MCP security studies classify…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Yiheng Huang , Zhijia Zhao , Bihuan Chen , Susheng Wu , Zhuotong Zhou , Yiheng Cao , Xin Hu , Xin Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a transformative and disruptive technology, enabling a wide range of applications in natural language processing, machine translation, and beyond. However, this widespread integration of LLMs…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Mohammad Fasha , Faisal Abul Rub , Nasim Matar , Bilal Sowan , Mohammad Al Khaldy