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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant improvements in contextual understanding. However, their ability to attend to truly critical information during long-context reasoning and generation still falls behind the pace.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Yiju Guo , Wenkai Yang , Zexu Sun , Ning Ding , Zhiyuan Liu , Yankai Lin

Large language models (LLMs) achieve state-of-the-art accuracy on complex reasoning tasks by generating multiple chain-of-thought (CoT) traces, but using a fixed token budget per query leads to over-computation on easy inputs and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Katrina Brown , Aneesh Muppidi , Rana Shahout

Despite the success of Transformers, handling long contexts remains challenging due to the limited length generalization and quadratic complexity of self-attention. Thus Transformers often require post-training with a larger attention…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Xiang Hu , Zhihao Teng , Jun Zhao , Wei Wu , Kewei Tu

Current hierarchical attention methods, such as NSA and InfLLMv2, select the top-k relevant key-value (KV) blocks based on coarse attention scores and subsequently apply fine-grained softmax attention on the selected tokens. However, the…

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance rapidly, they are becoming increasingly capable while simultaneously demanding ever-longer context lengths. To improve the inference efficiency of long-context processing, several novel…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Qihang Fan , Huaibo Huang , Zhiying Wu , Bingning Wang , Ran He

Transformer has become ubiquitous in the deep learning field. One of the key ingredients that destined its success is the self-attention mechanism, which allows fully-connected contextual encoding over input tokens. However, despite its…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-08 Shuohang Wang , Luowei Zhou , Zhe Gan , Yen-Chun Chen , Yuwei Fang , Siqi Sun , Yu Cheng , Jingjing Liu

Large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have achieved remarkable success in multi-modal reasoning, but their inference time efficiency remains a significant challenge due to the memory overhead during decoding, especially when the query and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Fatih Ilhan , Gaowen Liu , Ramana Rao Kompella , Selim Furkan Tekin , Tiansheng Huang , Zachary Yahn , Yichang Xu , Ling Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) incur quadratic attention complexity with input length, creating a major time bottleneck in the prefilling stage. Existing acceleration methods largely exploit attention score sparsity by estimating blocks with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Zhiyuan He , Yike Zhang , Chengruidong Zhang , Huiqiang Jiang , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Linearizing pretrained large language models (LLMs) primarily relies on intra-layer hybrid attention mechanisms to alleviate the quadratic complexity of standard softmax attention. Existing methods perform token routing based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Weikang Meng , Liangyu Huo , Yadan Luo , Jiawen Guan , Jingyi Zhang , Yingjian Li , Zheng Zhang

The Transformer-based models with the multi-head self-attention mechanism are widely used in natural language processing, and provide state-of-the-art results. While the pre-trained language backbones are shown to implicitly capture certain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-18 Zhengyuan Liu , Nancy F. Chen

Recently, meta-learning has been shown as a promising way to solve few-shot learning. In this paper, inspired by the human cognition process which utilizes both prior-knowledge and vision attention in learning new knowledge, we present a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-09-08 Yunxiao Qin , Weiguo Zhang , Chenxu Zhao , Zezheng Wang , Xiangyu Zhu , Guojun Qi , Jingping Shi , Zhen Lei

The growing demand for long-context inference capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) has intensified the computational and memory bottlenecks inherent to the self-attention mechanism. To address this challenge, we introduce BLASST, a…

Large language models (LLMs) face significant challenges in processing long contexts due to the linear growth of the key-value (KV) cache and quadratic complexity of self-attention. Existing approaches address these bottlenecks separately:…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Qiuwu Chen , Ying Sun , Shuhai Zhang , Yingjian Li , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan

The self-attention mechanism is the key to the success of transformers in recent Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the quadratic computational cost $O(n^2)$ in the input sequence length $n$ is a notorious obstacle for further…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Yingyu Liang , Heshan Liu , Zhenmei Shi , Zhao Song , Zhuoyan Xu , Junze Yin

Continual learning (CL) aims to train models that can sequentially learn new tasks without forgetting previous tasks' knowledge. Although previous works observed that pre-training can benefit CL, it remains unclear whether a pre-trained…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Xueying Bai , Yifan Sun , Niranjan Balasubramanian

The computational challenges of Large Language Model (LLM) inference remain a significant barrier to their widespread deployment, especially as prompt lengths continue to increase. Due to the quadratic complexity of the attention…

Recently, there has been growing interest in collecting reasoning-intensive pretraining data to improve LLMs' complex reasoning ability. Prior approaches typically rely on supervised classifiers to identify such data, which requires…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Kai Hua , Steven Wu , Ge Zhang , Ke Shen

The evolution of large language models (LLMs) towards applications with ultra-long contexts faces challenges posed by the high computational and memory costs of the Transformer architecture. While existing sparse and linear attention…

Modern large language models increasingly require long contexts for reasoning and multi-document tasks, but attention's quadratic complexity creates a severe computational bottleneck. We present Block-Sparse FlashAttention (BSFA), a drop-in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Daniel Ohayon , Itay Lamprecht , Itay Hubara , Israel Cohen , Daniel Soudry , Noam Elata

Large language models (LLMs) now support extremely long context windows, but the quadratic complexity of vanilla attention results in significantly long Time-to-First-Token (TTFT) latency. Existing approaches to address this complexity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-04 Qianchao Zhu , Jiangfei Duan , Chang Chen , Siran Liu , Guanyu Feng , Xin Lv , Xiao Chuanfu , Dahua Lin , Chao Yang