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Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved strong performance on a wide range of complex reasoning tasks, yet further gains are often possible by leveraging the complementary strengths of multiple models. While multi-agent frameworks can…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Andrew Estornell , Jean-Francois Ton , Muhammad Faaiz Taufiq , Hang Li

Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been employed for improving generative image super-resolution (ISR) performance. However, the current efforts are focused on multi-step generative ISR, while one-step generative ISR remains…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Qiaosi Yi , Shuai Li , Rongyuan Wu , Lingchen Sun , Zhengqiang Zhang , Lei Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) empowered with Tool-Integrated Reasoning (TIR) can iteratively plan, call external tools, and integrate returned information to solve complex, long-horizon reasoning tasks. Agentic Reinforcement Learning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Jianghao Su , Xia Zeng , Luhui Liu , Chao Luo , Ye Chen , Zhuoran Zhuang

Latent reasoning offers a more efficient alternative to explicit reasoning by compressing intermediate reasoning into continuous representations and substantially shortening reasoning chains. However, existing latent reasoning methods…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Jingcheng Deng , Zihao Wei , Liang Pang , Junhong Wu , Shicheng Xu , Zenghao Duan , Huawei Shen

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has become the leading approach for fine-tuning large language models (LLM). However, RLHF has limitations in multi-task learning (MTL) due to challenges of reward hacking and extreme…

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited significant capabilities in addressing challenging problems throughout various fields, often through the use of agentic workflows that adhere to structured instructions and multi-step procedures.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yitong Cui , Liu Liu , Baosheng Yu , Jiayan Qiu , Xikai Zhang , Likang Xiao , Yixing Liu , Quan Chen

We revisit Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) in both on-policy and off-policy optimization regimes. Our motivation comes from recent work on off-policy Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), which improves training stability, sampling…

Preference optimization is widely used to align Large Language Models (LLMs) with preference feedback. However, most existing methods train on a single positive-negative pair per prompt, discarding additional supervision available in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Jixuan Leng , Si Si , Hsiang-Fu Yu , Vinod Raman , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Open-ended dialogue agents aim to deliver engaging, personalized interactions by adapting to users' traits, but existing methods face critical limitations: over-reliance on pre-collected user data, and short-horizon biases in reinforcement…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Kun Peng , Conghui Tan , Yu Liu , Guohua Tang , Zhongqian Sun , Wei Yang , Zining Zhu , Lei Jiang , Yanbing Liu , Hao Peng

Training LLMs as interactive agents for multi-turn decision-making remains challenging, particularly in long-horizon tasks with sparse and delayed rewards, where agents must execute extended sequences of actions before receiving meaningful…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Jiangweizhi Peng , Yuanxin Liu , Ruida Zhou , Charles Fleming , Zhaoran Wang , Alfredo Garcia , Mingyi Hong

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) effectively scales LLM reasoning but incurs prohibitive computational costs due to its extensive group-based sampling requirement. While recent selective data utilization methods can mitigate this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Haodong Zhu , Yangyang Ren , Yanjing Li , Mingbao Lin , Linlin Yang , Xuhui Liu , Xiantong Zhen , Haiguang Liu , Baochang Zhang

This paper proposes a GRPO-based approach to enhance the performance of large language model (LLM)-based text-to-speech (TTS) models by deriving rewards from an off-the-shelf automatic speech recognition (ASR) model. Compared to previous…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-09-24 Chang Liu , Ya-Jun Hu , Ying-Ying Gao , Shi-Lei Zhang , Zhen-Hua Ling

LLM agents have emerged as powerful systems for tackling multi-turn tasks by interleaving internal reasoning and external tool interactions. Agentic Reinforcement Learning has recently drawn significant research attention as a critical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Zefang Zong , Dingwei Chen , Yang Li , Qi Yi , Bo Zhou , Chengming Li , Bo Qian , Peng Chen , Jie Jiang

Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has proven highly effective in enhancing the alignment capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, current adaptations of GRPO for the flow matching-based image generation neglect a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Yawen Shao , Jie Xiao , Kai Zhu , Yu Liu , Wei Zhai , Yang Cao , Zheng-Jun Zha

Large language models (LLMs) have recently advanced in reasoning when optimized with reinforcement learning (RL) under verifiable rewards. Existing methods primarily rely on outcome-based supervision to strengthen internal LLM reasoning,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Siyao Song , Cong Ma , Zhihao Cheng , Shiye Lei , Minghao Li , Ying Zeng , Huaixiao Tou , Kai Jia

Recently, vision-language model (VLM) agents have shown promising progress in open-world tasks, where successful task completion often requires multiple turns of visual perception and action execution. However, existing methods still rely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Xiongbin Wu , Zhihao Luo , Shanzhe Lei , Lechao Zhang , Xuhong Wang , Jie Yang , Zhonglong Zheng , Yuanjie Zheng , Xin Tan , Wei Liu

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) has emerged as one of the most effective ways to improve the performance of large language models (LLMs) in downstream tasks. However, SFT can have difficulty generalizing when the underlying data distribution…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Mrinal Rawat , Arkajyoti Chakraborty , Neha Gupta , Roberto Pieraccini

Group-Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) has emerged as the standard for training reasoning capabilities in large language models through reinforcement learning. By estimating advantages using group-mean rewards rather than a learned…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Anisha Garg , Claire Zhang , Nishit Neema , David Bick , Ganesh Venkatesh , Joel Hestness

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress in enhancing step-by-step reasoning through reinforcement learning. However, the Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) algorithm, which relies on sparse reward rules, often…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Xingjian Zhang , Siwei Wen , Wenjun Wu , Lei Huang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by leveraging direct outcome verification instead of learned reward models. Building on this paradigm, Group…