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Traditional optimization methods excel in well-defined search spaces but struggle with design problems where transformations and design parameters are difficult to define. Large language models (LLMs) offer a promising alternative by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Anthony Carreon , Vansh Sharma , Venkat Raman

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a new approach to various natural language processing tasks, utilizing large language models (LLMs) to make predictions based on context that has been supplemented with a few examples or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Linyong Nan , Yilun Zhao , Weijin Zou , Narutatsu Ri , Jaesung Tae , Ellen Zhang , Arman Cohan , Dragomir Radev

This article explores the dynamic influence of computational entities based on multi-agent systems theory (SMA) combined with large language models (LLM), which are characterized by their ability to simulate complex human interactions, as a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-03-18 Carlos Jose Xavier Cruz

Large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to adversarial prompting despite advances in alignment and safety, often exhibiting harmful behaviors under novel attack strategies. While adversarial training can improve robustness, existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Yiwei Zhang , Jeremiah Birrell , Reza Ebrahimi , Rouzbeh Behnia , Jason Pacheco , Elisa Bertino

The recent growth in the use of Large Language Models has made them vulnerable to sophisticated adversarial assaults, manipulative prompts, and encoded malicious inputs. Existing countermeasures frequently necessitate retraining models,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-10 Sheikh Samit Muhaimin , Spyridon Mastorakis

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide array of tasks. Due to the impressive planning and reasoning abilities of LLMs, they have been used as autonomous agents to do many tasks automatically. Recently,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-22 Taicheng Guo , Xiuying Chen , Yaqi Wang , Ruidi Chang , Shichao Pei , Nitesh V. Chawla , Olaf Wiest , Xiangliang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive action sequence prediction capabilities but often struggle with dynamic, long-horizon tasks such as real-time strategic games. In a game such as StarCraftII (SC2), agents…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Daechul Ahn , San Kim , Jonghyun Choi

Spatial reasoning is a crucial component of both biological and artificial intelligence. In this work, we present a comprehensive study of the capability of current state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) on spatial reasoning. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-10 Md Imbesat Hassan Rizvi , Xiaodan Zhu , Iryna Gurevych

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be fine-tuned on domain-specific data to enhance their performance in specialized fields. However, such data often contains numerous low-quality samples, necessitating effective data processing (DP). In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Wei Huang , Anda Cheng , Yinggui Wang , Lei Wang , Tao Wei

This paper introduces a simple and scalable approach to improve the data efficiency of large language model (LLM) training by augmenting existing text data with thinking trajectories. The compute for pre-training LLMs has been growing at an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Shaohan Huang , Li Dong , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems where agents communicate in natural language to solve tasks jointly. A key capability in such systems is consensus formation, where agents iteratively exchange…

多智能体系统 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Xiaolin Sun , Zixuan Liu , Yibin Hu , Zizhan Zheng

Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) is now a common approach for text classification in a wide range of applications. When labeled documents are scarce, active learning helps save annotation efforts but requires retraining of massive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Artem Vysogorets , Achintya Gopal

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) are increasingly vulnerable to sophisticated cyberattacks due to their complex, interconnected nature. Ensuring the cybersecurity of these systems is paramount to maintaining road safety and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Lu Gao , Yongxin Liu , Hongyun Chen , Dahai Liu , Yunpeng Zhang , Jingran Sun

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as interactive agents, but optimizing them for long-horizon decision making remains difficult because current methods are largely purely reactive, which weakens both exploration and credit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Xiangyuan Xue , Yifan Zhou , Zidong Wang , Shengji Tang , Philip Torr , Wanli Ouyang , Lei Bai , Zhenfei Yin

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang

The applications of Large Language Models (LLMs) in political science are rapidly expanding. This paper demonstrates how LLMs, when augmented with predefined functions and specialized tools, can serve as dynamic agents capable of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Joseph R. Loffredo , Suyeol Yun

Data augmentation is a critical component of deep learning pipelines, enhancing model generalization by increasing dataset diversity. Traditional augmentation strategies rely on manually designed transformations, stochastic sampling, or…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Ant Duru , Alptekin Temizel

Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce answers with a single chain-of-thought, which restricts their ability to explore reasoning paths or self-correct flawed outputs in complex tasks. In this paper, we introduce MALT (Multi-Agent LLM…

Reading comprehension models often overfit to nuances of training datasets and fail at adversarial evaluation. Training with adversarially augmented dataset improves robustness against those adversarial attacks but hurts generalization of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-11-18 Adyasha Maharana , Mohit Bansal

Object Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) systems struggle to correctly associate semantically similar objects in close proximity, especially in cluttered indoor environments and when scenes change. We present Semantic Enhancement…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Jungseok Hong , Ran Choi , John J. Leonard