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Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled in various tasks but perform better in high-resource scenarios, which presents challenges in low-resource scenarios. Data scarcity and the inherent difficulty of adapting LLMs to specific tasks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Yuanhao Zeng , Min Wang , Yihang Wang , Yingxia Shao

Visual sentiment analysis has received increasing attention in recent years. However, the dataset's quality is a concern because the sentiment labels are crowd-sourcing, subjective, and prone to mistakes, and poses a severe threat to the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-01-28 Wei Zhu , Zihe Zheng , Haitian Zheng , Hanjia Lyu , Jiebo Luo

Modern language models often rely on Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) to encourage safe behaviors. However, they remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks due to three key limitations: (1) the inefficiency and high cost of…

Aligning large language models with human preferences is critical for creating reliable and controllable AI systems. A human preference can be visualized as a high-dimensional vector where different directions represent trade-offs between…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Ruochen Mao , Yuling Shi , Xiaodong Gu , Jiaheng Wei

We study reinforcement learning from human feedback in general Markov decision processes, where agents learn from trajectory-level preference comparisons. A central challenge in this setting is to design algorithms that select informative…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Andreas Schlaginhaufen , Reda Ouhamma , Maryam Kamgarpour

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) offers a promising approach to aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Typically, a reward model is trained or supplied to act as a proxy for humans in evaluating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-12 Jiahui Li , Lin Li , Tai-wei Chang , Kun Kuang , Long Chen , Jun Zhou , Cheng Yang

In the one-class recommendation problem, it's required to make recommendations basing on users' implicit feedback, which is inferred from their action and inaction. Existing works obtain representations of users and items by encoding…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-01-22 Chu-Jen Shao , Hao-Ming Fu , Pu-Jen Cheng

Existing dialogue datasets contain lots of noise in their state annotations. Such noise can hurt model training and ultimately lead to poor generalization performance. A general framework named ASSIST has recently been proposed to train…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Fanghua Ye , Xi Wang , Jie Huang , Shenghui Li , Samuel Stern , Emine Yilmaz

This paper describes our contributions to the Shared Task of the 9th Workshop on Argument Mining (2022). Our approach uses Large Language Models for the task of Argument Quality Prediction. We perform prompt engineering using GPT-3, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-06 Michiel van der Meer , Myrthe Reuver , Urja Khurana , Lea Krause , Selene Báez Santamaría

Conveying complex objectives to reinforcement learning (RL) agents often requires meticulous reward engineering. Preference-based RL methods are able to learn a more flexible reward model based on human preferences by actively incorporating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-05-26 Xinran Liang , Katherine Shu , Kimin Lee , Pieter Abbeel

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires skillful definition and remarkable computational efforts to solve optimization and control problems, which could impair its prospect. Introducing human guidance into reinforcement learning is a promising…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-30 Jingda Wu , Zhiyu Huang , Wenhui Huang , Chen Lv

A key requirement in developing Generative Language Models (GLMs) is to have their values aligned with human values. Preference-based alignment is a widely used paradigm for this purpose, in which preferences over generation pairs are first…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Yang Gao , Dana Alon , Donald Metzler

Reinforcement learning (RL) requires access to a reward function that incentivizes the right behavior, but these are notoriously hard to specify for complex tasks. Preference-based RL provides an alternative: learning policies using a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-11-05 Kimin Lee , Laura Smith , Anca Dragan , Pieter Abbeel

Intrinsic motivation, inspired by the psychology of developmental learning in infants, stimulates exploration in agents without relying solely on sparse external rewards. Existing methods in reinforcement learning like Random Network…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-03 Mohammadamin Davoodabadi , Negin Hashemi Dijujin , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

Faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance is the constant pursuit in machine translation. However, traditional metrics like \textit{BLEU} do not strictly align with human preference of translation quality. In this paper, we explore…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Nuo Xu , Jun Zhao , Can Zu , Sixian Li , Lu Chen , Zhihao Zhang , Rui Zheng , Shihan Dou , Wenjuan Qin , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Learning human preferences in language models remains fundamentally challenging, as reward modeling relies on subtle, subjective comparisons or shades of gray rather than clear-cut labels. This study investigates the limits of current…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-03 Simona-Vasilica Oprea , Adela Bâra

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as an effective approach to aligning large language models (LLMs) to human preferences. RLHF contains three steps, i.e., human preference collecting, reward learning, and policy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-29 Hao Lang , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

It is a well-known challenge to learn an unbiased ranker with biased feedback. Unbiased learning-to-rank(LTR) algorithms, which are verified to model the relative relevance accurately based on noisy feedback, are appealing candidates and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-03-09 Yi Ren , Hongyan Tang , Siwen Zhu

Demonstration-based learning has shown great potential in stimulating pretrained language models' ability under limited data scenario. Simply augmenting the input with some demonstrations can significantly improve performance on few-shot…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-20 Hongxin Zhang , Yanzhe Zhang , Ruiyi Zhang , Diyi Yang

Search-based dialog models typically re-encode the dialog history at every turn, incurring high cost. Curved Contrastive Learning, a representation learning method that encodes relative distances between utterances into the embedding space…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Justus-Jonas Erker , Florian Mai , Nils Reimers , Gerasimos Spanakis , Iryna Gurevych