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Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a key technique for enhancing the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), with policy-gradient algorithms dominating the post-training stage because of their efficiency and effectiveness.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Chang Tian , Matthew B. Blaschko , Mingzhe Xing , Xiuxing Li , Yinliang Yue , Marie-Francine Moens

Large language models (LLMs) have shown exceptional performance as general-purpose assistants, excelling across a variety of reasoning tasks. This achievement represents a significant step toward achieving artificial general intelligence…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Xiaoyu Tan , Yongxin Deng , Xihe Qiu , Weidi Xu , Chao Qu , Wei Chu , Yinghui Xu , Yuan Qi

In-context learning (ICL) is a new paradigm for natural language processing that utilizes Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT)-like models. This approach uses prompts that include in-context demonstrations to generate the corresponding…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-24 Momin Abbas , Yi Zhou , Parikshit Ram , Nathalie Baracaldo , Horst Samulowitz , Theodoros Salonidis , Tianyi Chen

Configuration tuning for large software systems is generally challenging due to the complex configuration space and expensive performance evaluation. Most existing approaches follow a two-phase process, first learning a regression-based…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-03-29 Rong Cao , Liang Bao , Chase Wu , Panpan Zhangsun , Yufei Li , Zhe Zhang

In the past year, large language models (LLMs) have had remarkable success in domains outside the traditional natural language processing, and their capacity is further expanded into the so-called LLM agents when connected with external…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Weizhe Chen , Sven Koenig , Bistra Dilkina

This study provides the first comprehensive assessment of consistency and reproducibility in Large Language Model (LLM) outputs in finance and accounting research. We evaluate how consistently LLMs produce outputs given identical inputs…

综合金融 · 定量金融 2025-09-16 Julian Junyan Wang , Victor Xiaoqi Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the impressive ability to perform in-context learning (ICL) from only a few examples, but the success of ICL varies widely from task to task. Thus, it is important to quickly determine whether ICL is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Harvey Yiyun Fu , Qinyuan Ye , Albert Xu , Xiang Ren , Robin Jia

As large language models (LLMs) are deployed in high-stakes domains like healthcare, understanding how well their decision-making aligns with human preferences and values becomes crucial, especially when we recognize that there is no single…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-01 Isaac Kohane

Despite their success in many natural language tasks, solving math problems remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs). A large gap exists between LLMs' pass-at-one and pass-at-N performance in solving math problems,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Yixin Liu , Avi Singh , C. Daniel Freeman , John D. Co-Reyes , Peter J. Liu

The success of large language models (LLMs) across diverse NLP tasks has elevated the importance of reasoning chain optimization as a critical step in aligning model behavior with task objectives. Existing reasoning chain tuning methods…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu , Ying Nian Wu

Effective organization of in-context learning (ICL) demonstrations is key to improving the quality of large language model (LLM) responses. To create better sample-label pairs that instruct LLM understanding, we introduce logit…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Zhu Zixiao , Feng Zijian , Zhou Hanzhang , Qian Junlang , Mao Kezhi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency across diverse tasks, exhibiting emergent properties such as semantic prompt comprehension, In-Context Learning (ICL), and Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. Despite their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Yuling Jiao , Yanming Lai , Huazhen Lin , Wensen Ma , Houduo Qi , Defeng Sun

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) employ multi-modal in-context learning (MM-ICL) to adapt to new tasks by leveraging demonstration examples. While increasing the number of demonstrations boosts performance, they incur significant…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-18 Shin'ya Yamaguchi , Daiki Chijiwa , Tamao Sakao , Taku Hasegawa

The capability of in-context learning (ICL) enables large language models (LLMs) to perform novel tasks without parameter updates by conditioning on a few input-output examples. However, collecting high-quality examples for new or…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Zihan Chen , Song Wang , Xingbo Fu , Chengshuai Shi , Zhenyu Lei , Cong Shen , Jundong Li

In-context learning (ICL) is a crucial capability of current large language models (LLMs), where the selection of examples plays a key role in performance. While most existing approaches focus on selecting the most similar examples to the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Wenyang Xiao , Haoyu Zhao , Lingxiao Huang

Despite the recent ubiquity of large language models and their high zero-shot prompted performance across a wide range of tasks, it is still not known how well they perform on tasks which require processing of potentially idiomatic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-16 Dylan Phelps , Thomas Pickard , Maggie Mi , Edward Gow-Smith , Aline Villavicencio

Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising solution to complement traditional teaching and address global teacher shortages that affect hundreds of millions of children, but they fail to provide grade-appropriate responses for students…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Jio Oh , Steven Euijong Whang , James Evans , Jindong Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive few-shot generalization on many tasks via in-context learning (ICL). Despite their success in showing such emergent abilities, the scale and complexity of larger models also lead to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Chengwei Qin , Wenhan Xia , Fangkai Jiao , Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Bosheng Ding , Ruirui Chen , Shafiq Joty

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate responses to questions; however, their effectiveness is often hindered by sub-optimal quality of answers and occasional failures to provide accurate responses to questions. To address these challenges,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Liang Zhang , Katherine Jijo , Spurthi Setty , Eden Chung , Fatima Javid , Natan Vidra , Tommy Clifford

Large language models (LLMs) are advanced artificial intelligence (AI) systems that can perform a variety of tasks commonly found in human intelligence tests, such as defining words, performing calculations, and engaging in verbal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-12 David Ilić , Gilles E. Gignac