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In AI research, the optimization of Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a significant challenge, crucial for advancing the field's practical applications and sustainability. Building upon the foundational work of Professor Song Han's lab…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-21 Tim Valicenti , Justice Vidal , Ritik Patnaik

Reward models (RMs) are a core component in the post-training of large language models (LLMs), serving as proxies for human preference evaluation and guiding model alignment. However, training reliable RMs under limited resources remains…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Dengcan Liu , Jiahao Li , Zheren Fu , Yi Tu , Jiajun Li , Zhendong Mao , Yongdong Zhang

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models (PLMs) has demonstrated its effectiveness on various downstream NLP tasks recently. However, in many low-resource scenarios, the conventional fine-tuning strategies cannot sufficiently capture the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-11-15 Yusheng Su , Xu Han , Yankai Lin , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Peng Li , Jie Zhou , Maosong Sun

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for downstream tasks is an essential stage of modern AI deployment. Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as the dominant fine-tuning paradigm, underpinning many state-of-the-art LLMs. In contrast,…

Evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) is challenging because instruction-following necessitates alignment with human values and the required set of skills varies depending on the instruction. However, previous studies have mainly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Seonghyeon Ye , Doyoung Kim , Sungdong Kim , Hyeonbin Hwang , Seungone Kim , Yongrae Jo , James Thorne , Juho Kim , Minjoon Seo

While large language models (LLMs) often adopt finetuning to unlock their capabilities for downstream applications, our understanding on the inductive biases (especially the scaling properties) of different finetuning methods is still…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Biao Zhang , Zhongtao Liu , Colin Cherry , Orhan Firat

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have emphasized the critical role of fine-tuning (FT) techniques in adapting LLMs to specific tasks, especially when retraining from scratch is computationally infeasible. Fine-tuning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-23 Xiao Han , Zimo Zhao , Wanyu Wang , Maolin Wang , Zitao Liu , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) large language models (LLMs) are gradually becoming the mainstream approach for ultra-large-scale models. Existing optimization efforts for MoE models have focused primarily on coarse-grained MoE…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-07 Haoqi Yang , Luohe Shi , Qiwei Li , Zuchao Li , Ping Wang , Bo Du , Mengjia Shen , Hai Zhao

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have been successfully used to probe Large Language Models (LLMs) and extract interpretable concepts from their internal representations. These concepts are linear combinations of neuron activations that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Mathis Le Bail , Jérémie Dentan , Davide Buscaldi , Sonia Vanier

The integration of large language models (LLMs) into automated algorithm design has shown promising potential. A prevalent approach embeds LLMs within search routines to iteratively generate and refine candidate algorithms. However, most…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Fei Liu , Rui Zhang , Xi Lin , Zhichao Lu , Qingfu Zhang

A fine-grained data recipe is crucial for pre-training large language models, as it can significantly enhance training efficiency and model performance. One important ingredient in the recipe is to select samples based on scores produced by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Ziqing Fan , Yuqiao Xian , Yan Sun , Li Shen

Understanding training dynamics and feature evolution is crucial for the mechanistic interpretability of large language models (LLMs). Although sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have been used to identify features within LLMs, a clear picture of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Yang Xu , Yi Wang , Hengguan Huang , Hao Wang

Research to improve Automated Short Answer Grading has recently focused on Large Language Models (LLMs) with prompt engineering and no- or few-shot prompting to achieve best results. This is in contrast to the fine-tuning approach, which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Joel Walsh , Siddarth Mamidanna , Benjamin Nye , Mark Core , Daniel Auerbach

Understanding the internal representations of large language models (LLMs) remains a central challenge for interpretability research. Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) offer a promising solution by decomposing activations into interpretable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Yifei Yao , Mengnan Du

Driven by recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), a growing literature has demonstrated the potential for using large language models (LLMs) as scalable surrogates to generate human-like responses in many business applications. Two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Lei Wang , Zikun Ye , Jinglong Zhao

Existing pruning techniques for large language models (LLMs) targeting domain-specific applications typically follow a two-stage process: pruning the pretrained general-purpose LLMs and then fine-tuning the pruned LLMs on specific domains.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Lei Lu , Zhepeng Wang , Runxue Bao , Mengbing Wang , Fangyi Li , Yawen Wu , Weiwen Jiang , Jie Xu , Yanzhi Wang , Shangqian Gao

Automated feature engineering plays a critical role in improving predictive model performance for tabular learning tasks. Traditional automated feature engineering methods are limited by their reliance on pre-defined transformations within…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Nikhil Abhyankar , Parshin Shojaee , Chandan K. Reddy

The manufacturing sector is increasingly adopting Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to transition from simple perception to autonomous execution, yet current evaluations fail to reflect the rigorous demands of real-world…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Xiangru Jian , Hao Xu , Wei Pang , Xinjian Zhao , Chengyu Tao , Qixin Zhang , Xikun Zhang , Chao Zhang , Guanzhi Deng , Alex Xue , Juan Du , Tianshu Yu , Garth Tarr , Linqi Song , Qiuzhuang Sun , Dacheng Tao

Harnessing the power of human-annotated data through Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is pivotal for advancing Large Language Models (LLMs). In this paper, we delve into the prospect of growing a strong LLM out of a weak one without the need…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Zixiang Chen , Yihe Deng , Huizhuo Yuan , Kaixuan Ji , Quanquan Gu

Instruction tuning data are often quantity-saturated due to the large volume of data collection and fast model iteration, leaving data selection important but underexplored. Existing quality-driven data selection methods, such as LIMA…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Xianjun Yang , Shaoliang Nie , Lijuan Liu , Suchin Gururangan , Ujjwal Karn , Rui Hou , Madian Khabsa , Yuning Mao