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Fueled by their remarkable ability to tackle diverse tasks across multiple domains, large language models (LLMs) have grown at an unprecedented rate, with some recent models containing trillions of parameters. This growth is accompanied by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Athanasios Glentis , Jiaxiang Li , Qiulin Shang , Andi Han , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Quan Wei , Mingyi Hong

Personalized large language models (LLMs) tailor content to individual preferences using user profiles or histories. However, existing parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as the ``One-PEFT-Per-User'' (OPPU) paradigm,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Zhaoxuan Tan , Zixuan Zhang , Haoyang Wen , Zheng Li , Rongzhi Zhang , Pei Chen , Fengran Mo , Zheyuan Liu , Qingkai Zeng , Qingyu Yin , Meng Jiang

Language models (LMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in NLP, yet adapting them efficiently and robustly to specific tasks remains challenging. As their scale and complexity grow, fine-tuning LMs on labelled data often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-27 Zhengyan Shi

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), especially Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), has emerged as a promising approach to fine-tuning large language models(LLMs) while reducing computational and memory overhead. However, LoRA assumes a uniform…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Hao Zhang , Zhenjia Li , Runfeng Bao , Yifan Gao , Xi Xiao , Heng Zhang , Shuyang Zhang , Bo Huang , Yuhang Wu , Tianyang Wang , Hao Xu

Pre-training decoder-only language models relies on vast amounts of high-quality data, yet the availability of such data is increasingly reaching its limits. While metadata is commonly used to create and curate these datasets, its potential…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Sebastian Sztwiertnia , Felix Friedrich , Kristian Kersting , Patrick Schramowski , Björn Deiseroth

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) aims to find a near-optimal policy using pre-collected datasets. In real-world scenarios, data collection could be costly and risky; therefore, offline RL becomes particularly challenging when the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Ruizhe Shi , Yuyao Liu , Yanjie Ze , Simon S. Du , Huazhe Xu

Large pretrained language models (LMs) have become the central building block of many NLP applications. Training these models requires ever more computational resources and most of the existing models are trained on English text only. It is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-09-13 Benjamin Minixhofer , Fabian Paischer , Navid Rekabsaz

Built upon language and vision foundation models with strong generalization ability and trained on large-scale robotic data, Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged as a promising approach to learning generalist robotic…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Zheng Xiong , Kang Li , Zilin Wang , Matthew Jackson , Jakob Foerster , Shimon Whiteson

Multimodal foundation models can process several modalities. However, since the space of possible modalities is large and evolving over time, training a model from scratch to encompass all modalities is unfeasible. Moreover, integrating a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-08 Osman Batur İnce , André F. T. Martins , Oisin Mac Aodha , Edoardo M. Ponti

Subword tokenization introduces a computational layer in language models where many distinct token sequences decode to the same surface form and preserve meaning, yet induce different internal computations. Despite this non-uniqueness,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Adrian Cosma , Stefan Ruseti , Emilian Radoi , Mihai Dascalu

Despite rapid progress in large language models (LLMs), their performance on a vast majority of languages remains unsatisfactory. In this paper, we study building language-specific LLMs by adapting monolingual and multilingual LLMs. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Atula Tejaswi , Nilesh Gupta , Eunsol Choi

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in many languages beyond English. Yet, LLMs require more inference steps when generating non-English text due to their reliance on English-centric tokenizers and vocabulary,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Atsuki Yamaguchi , Aline Villavicencio , Nikolaos Aletras

Multilingual Pre-trained Language models (multiPLMs), trained on the Masked Language Modelling (MLM) objective are commonly being used for cross-lingual tasks such as bitext mining. However, the performance of these models is still…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-13 Aloka Fernando , Surangika Ranathunga

The pre-training phase of language models often begins with randomly initialized parameters. With the current trends in scaling models, training their large number of parameters can be extremely slow and costly. In contrast, small language…

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) aims to adapt pre-trained models to specific tasks using relatively small and domain-specific datasets. Among Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Yarui Cao , Kai Liu

Most language models (LMs) are trained and applied in an autoregressive left-to-right fashion, assuming that the next token only depends on the preceding ones. However, this assumption ignores the potential benefits of using the full…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-14 Anh Nguyen , Nikos Karampatziakis , Weizhu Chen

Neural language modeling (LM) has led to significant improvements in several applications, including Automatic Speech Recognition. However, they typically require large amounts of training data, which is not available for many domains and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-05 Navid Rekabsaz , Nikolaos Pappas , James Henderson , Banriskhem K. Khonglah , Srikanth Madikeri

While modern Transformer-based language models (LMs) have achieved major success in multi-task generalization, they often struggle to capture long-range dependencies within their context window. This work introduces a novel approach using…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Alok N. Shah , Khush Gupta , Keshav Ramji , Pratik Chaudhari

The development of monolingual language models for low and mid-resource languages continues to be hindered by the difficulty in sourcing high-quality training data. In this study, we present a novel cross-lingual vocabulary transfer…

Language models (LMs) are increasingly extended with new learnable vocabulary tokens for domain-specific tasks, such as Semantic-ID tokens in generative recommendation. The standard practice initializes these new tokens as the mean of…