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The great success neural networks have achieved is inseparable from the application of gradient-descent (GD) algorithms. Based on GD, many variant algorithms have emerged to improve the GD optimization process. The gradient for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-29 Zefan Li , Bingbing Ni , Teng Li , WenJun Zhang , Wen Gao

We analyze the training dynamics for deep linear networks using a new metric - layer imbalance - which defines the flatness of a solution. We demonstrate that different regularization methods, such as weight decay or noise data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-21 Boris Ginsburg

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a widely used algorithm in deep-learning neural networks has attracted continuing studies for the theoretical principles behind its success. A recent work reports an anomaly (inverse) relation between the…

适应与自组织系统 · 物理学 2023-08-16 Xia Xiong , Yong-Cong Chen , Chunxiao Shi , Ping Ao

We study stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for composite optimization problems with $N$ sequential operators subject to perturbations in both the forward and backward passes. Unlike classical analyses that treat gradient noise as additive…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2026-02-25 Boao Kong , Hengrui Zhang , Kun Yuan

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the most popular algorithms in modern machine learning. The noise encountered in these applications is different from that in many theoretical analyses of stochastic gradient algorithms. In this…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-09-16 Stephan Wojtowytsch

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the main approach to optimizing neural networks. Several generalization properties of deep networks, such as convergence to a flatter minima, are believed to arise from SGD. This article explores the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Aditya Shah , Aditya Challa , Sravan Danda , Archana Mathur , Snehanshu Saha

In this paper, we investigate the impact of stochasticity and large stepsizes on the implicit regularisation of gradient descent (GD) and stochastic gradient descent (SGD) over diagonal linear networks. We prove the convergence of GD and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-26 Mathieu Even , Scott Pesme , Suriya Gunasekar , Nicolas Flammarion

We establish the asymptotic implicit bias of gradient descent (GD) for generic non-homogeneous deep networks under exponential loss. Specifically, we characterize three key properties of GD iterates starting from a sufficiently small…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-17 Yuhang Cai , Kangjie Zhou , Jingfeng Wu , Song Mei , Michael Lindsey , Peter L. Bartlett

Low-precision training has become crucial for reducing the computational and memory costs of large-scale deep learning. However, quantizing gradients introduces magnitude shrinkage, which can change how stochastic gradient descent (SGD)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Vincent-Daniel Yun

Regularization is a widely recognized technique in mathematical optimization. It can be used to smooth out objective functions, refine the feasible solution set, or prevent overfitting in machine learning models. Due to its simplicity and…

Large-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely used for training in distributed deep learning because of its training-time efficiency, however, extremely large-batch SGD leads to poor generalization and easily converges to sharp…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-06-27 Kosuke Haruki , Taiji Suzuki , Yohei Hamakawa , Takeshi Toda , Ryuji Sakai , Masahiro Ozawa , Mitsuhiro Kimura

Spectral bias, the tendency of neural networks to learn low frequencies first, can be both a blessing and a curse. While it enhances the generalization capabilities by suppressing high-frequency noise, it can be a limitation in scientific…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Shuai Jiang , Alexey Voronin , Eric Cyr , Ben Southworth

Neural networks are usually trained by some form of stochastic gradient descent (SGD)). A number of strategies are in common use intended to improve SGD optimization, such as learning rate schedules, momentum, and batching. These are…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2015-08-13 Thomas M. Breuel

State-of-the-art training algorithms for deep learning models are based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Recently, many variations have been explored: perturbing parameters for better accuracy (such as in Extragradient), limiting SGD…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-23 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian U. Stich

Understanding the implicit bias of training algorithms is of crucial importance in order to explain the success of overparametrised neural networks. In this paper, we study the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent over diagonal linear…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-08 Scott Pesme , Loucas Pillaud-Vivien , Nicolas Flammarion

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a fundamental tool for training deep neural networks across a variety of tasks. In self-supervised learning, different input categories map to distinct manifolds in the embedded neural state space.…

统计力学 · 物理学 2025-03-04 Guanming Zhang , Stefano Martiniani

This study investigates leveraging stochastic gradient descent (SGD) to learn operators between general Hilbert spaces. We propose weak and strong regularity conditions for the target operator to depict its intrinsic structure and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-01-13 Lei Shi , Jia-Qi Yang

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely used in machine learning. Although being commonly viewed as a fast but not accurate version of gradient descent (GD), it always finds better solutions than GD for modern neural networks. In order…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-08-17 Robert Kleinberg , Yuanzhi Li , Yang Yuan

Overparameterized ML models, including neural networks, typically induce underdetermined training objectives with multiple global minima. The implicit bias refers to the limiting global minimum that is attained by a common optimization…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-03-06 Kuo-Wei Lai , Guanghui Wang , Molei Tao , Vidya Muthukumar

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a premium optimization method for training neural networks, especially for learning objectively defined labels such as image objects and events. When a neural network is instead faced with subjectively…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2022-04-15 Kosmas Pinitas , Konstantinos Makantasis , Antonios Liapis , Georgios N. Yannakakis