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The transition from static Large Language Models (LLMs) to self-improving agents is hindered by the lack of structured reasoning in traditional evolutionary approaches. Existing methods often struggle with premature convergence and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Chunhui Wan , Xunan Dai , Zhuo Wang , Minglei Li , Yanpeng Wang , Yinan Mao , Yu Lan , Zhiwen Xiao

Large language models (LLMs) have seen widespread applications across various domains, yet remain vulnerable to adversarial prompt injections. While most existing research on jailbreak attacks and hallucination phenomena has focused…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Linghan Huang , Haolin Jin , Zhaoge Bi , Pengyue Yang , Peizhou Zhao , Taozhao Chen , Xiongfei Wu , Lei Ma , Huaming Chen

Recently, advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 have been integrated into many real-world applications like Code Copilot. These applications have significantly expanded the attack surface of LLMs, exposing them to a variety of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Huiyu Xu , Wenhui Zhang , Zhibo Wang , Feng Xiao , Rui Zheng , Yunhe Feng , Zhongjie Ba , Kui Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to exhibit vulnerabilities to jailbreaking attacks: carefully crafted malicious inputs intended to circumvent safety guardrails and elicit harmful responses. As such, we present AutoAdv, a novel…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Aashray Reddy , Andrew Zagula , Nicholas Saban

Red teaming is critical for identifying vulnerabilities and building trust in current LLMs. However, current automated methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on brittle prompt templates or single-turn attacks, failing to capture the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Roman Belaire , Arunesh Sinha , Pradeep Varakantham

In this paper, we tackle the emerging challenge of unintended harmful content generation in Large Language Models (LLMs) with a novel dual-stage optimisation technique using adversarial fine-tuning. Our two-pronged approach employs an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-29 Charles O'Neill , Jack Miller , Ioana Ciuca , Yuan-Sen Ting , Thang Bui

Large Language Models remain vulnerable to adversarial prompts that elicit toxic content even after safety alignment. We present ToxSearch, a black-box evolutionary framework that tests model safety by evolving prompts in a synchronous…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Onkar Shelar , Travis Desell

While recent automated red-teaming methods show promise for systematically exposing model vulnerabilities, most existing approaches rely on human-specified workflows. This dependence on manually designed workflows suffers from human biases…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Jiayi Yuan , Jonathan Nöther , Natasha Jaques , Goran Radanović

We propose Ruby Teaming, a method that improves on Rainbow Teaming by including a memory cache as its third dimension. The memory dimension provides cues to the mutator to yield better-quality prompts, both in terms of attack success rate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Vernon Toh Yan Han , Rishabh Bhardwaj , Soujanya Poria

Although large language models (LLMs) are typically aligned, they remain vulnerable to jailbreaking through either carefully crafted prompts in natural language or, interestingly, gibberish adversarial suffixes. However, gibberish tokens…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Vishal Kumar , Zeyi Liao , Jaylen Jones , Huan Sun

We introduce a novel framework that transforms the resource-intensive (adversarial) prompt optimization problem into an \emph{efficient, amortized inference task}. Our core insight is that pretrained, non-autoregressive generative LLMs,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 David Lüdke , Tom Wollschläger , Paul Ungermann , Stephan Günnemann , Leo Schwinn

The rapid expansion of research on Large Language Model (LLM) safety and robustness has produced a fragmented and oftentimes buggy ecosystem of implementations, datasets, and evaluation methods. This fragmentation makes reproducibility and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Tim Beyer , Jonas Dornbusch , Jakob Steimle , Moritz Ladenburger , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

The capacity of large language models (LLMs) to generate honest, harmless, and helpful responses heavily relies on the quality of user prompts. However, these prompts often tend to be brief and vague, thereby significantly limiting the full…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Xiaohua Wang , Zisu Huang , Feiran Zhang , Zhibo Xu , Cenyuan Zhang , Qi Qian , Xiaoqing Zheng , Xuanjing Huang

Text-to-image (T2I) models such as Stable Diffusion have advanced rapidly and are now widely used in content creation. However, these models can be misused to generate harmful content, including nudity or violence, posing significant safety…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Zilong Wang , Xiang Zheng , Xiaosen Wang , Bo Wang , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Large Language Models exhibit mode collapse, producing homogeneous outputs that fail to explore valid solution spaces. We present QD-LLM, a framework for parameter-efficient neuroevolution that evolves prompt embeddings, compact neural…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Dongxin Guo , Jikun Wu , Siu Ming Yiu

Passwords still remain a dominant authentication method, yet their security is routinely subverted by predictable user choices and large-scale credential leaks. Automated password guessing is a key tool for stress-testing password policies…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Vladimir A. Mazin , Mikhail A. Zorin , Dmitrii S. Korzh , Elvir Z. Karimov , Dmitrii A. Bolokhov , Oleg Y. Rogov

As large language models (LLMs) scale, their inference incurs substantial computational resources, exposing them to energy-latency attacks, where crafted prompts induce high energy and latency cost. Existing attack methods aim to prolong…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Xingyu Li , Xiaolei Liu , Cheng Liu , Yixiao Xu , Kangyi Ding , Bangzhou Xin , Jia-Li Yin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as code assistants, yet their behavior when explicitly asked to generate insecure code remains poorly understood. While prior research has focused on unintended vulnerabilities, this study…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Emir Bosnak , Sahand Moslemi , Mayasah Lami , Anil Koyuncu

Although safely enhanced Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in tackling various complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they remain susceptible to jailbreak attacks, particularly the unknown jailbreak attack. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-12 Fan Liu , Zhao Xu , Hao Liu

Recent developments in AI safety research have called for red-teaming methods that effectively surface potential risks posed by generative AI models, with growing emphasis on how red-teamers' backgrounds and perspectives shape their…