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Reinforcement Learning (RL) has enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to achieve remarkable reasoning in domains like mathematics and coding, where verifiable rewards provide clear signals. However, extending this paradigm to financial…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Rui Sun , Yifan Sun , Sheng Xu , Li Zhao , Jing Li , Daxin Jiang , Cheng Hua , Zuo Bai

Recent work on reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown that large language models (LLMs) can be substantially improved using outcome-level verification signals, such as unit tests for code or exact-match checks for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Massimiliano Pronesti , Anya Belz , Yufang Hou

Due to their inherent complexity, reasoning tasks have long been regarded as rigorous benchmarks for assessing the capabilities of machine learning models, especially large language models (LLMs). Although humans can solve these tasks with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Yunlong Deng , Boyang Sun , Yan Li , Lingjing Kong , Zeyu Tang , Kun Zhang , Guangyi Chen

Transformer-based language models have achieved significant success; however, their internal mechanisms remain largely opaque due to the complexity of non-linear interactions and high-dimensional operations. While previous studies have…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Lin Zhang , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

Self-correction has emerged as a promising solution to boost the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), where LLMs refine their solutions using self-generated critiques that pinpoint the errors. This work explores whether…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Yunxiang Zhang , Muhammad Khalifa , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Jaekyeom Kim , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Lu Wang

While large language models (LLMs) have rapidly improved their performance on a broad number of tasks, they still often fall short on reasoning tasks. As LLMs become more integrated in diverse real-world tasks, advancing their reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Tim Knappe , Ryan Li , Ayush Chauhan , Kaylee Chhua , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien

Evaluation of reasoning language models gained importance after it was observed that they can combine their existing capabilities into novel traces of intermediate steps before task completion and that the traces can sometimes help them to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Petr Spelda , Vit Stritecky

We propose a large language model explainability technique for obtaining faithful natural language explanations by grounding the explanations in a reasoning process. When converted to a sequence of tokens, the outputs of the reasoning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Vojtech Cahlik , Rodrigo Alves , Pavel Kordik

Long-form chain-of-thought reasoning has become a cornerstone of advanced reasoning in large language models. While recent verification-refinement frameworks have enabled proprietary models to solve Olympiad-level problems, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Zihan Liu , Shun Zheng , Xumeng Wen , Yang Wang , Jiang Bian , Mao Yang

Large language models can generate fluent answers that are unfaithful to the provided context, while many safeguards rely on external verification or a separate judge after generation. We introduce \emph{internal flow signatures} that audit…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Sungheon Jeong , Sanggeon Yun , Ryozo Masukawa , Wenjun Haung , Hanning Chen , Mohsen Imani

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have incorporated planning and reasoning capabilities, enabling models to outline steps before execution and provide transparent reasoning paths. This enhancement has reduced errors in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-31 Sudarshan Kamath Barkur , Sigurd Schacht , Johannes Scholl

Vision-centric retrieval for VQA requires retrieving images to supply missing visual cues and integrating them into the reasoning process. However, selecting the right images and integrating them effectively into the model's reasoning…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Zhuohong Chen , Zhengxian Wu , Zirui Liao , Shenao Jiang , Hangrui Xu , Yang Chen , Chaokui Su , Xiaoyu Liu , Haoqian Wang

This study investigates the performance of the DeepSeek R1 language model on 30 challenging mathematical problems derived from the MATH dataset, problems that previously proved unsolvable by other models under time constraints. Unlike prior…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-31 Evgenii Evstafev

Multiple Choice Question (MCQ) tests are among the most used methods for evaluating large language models (LLMs). Besides checking the correctness of the selected answer, evaluations often consider the model's confidence through the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Tairan Fu , Javier Conde , Gonzalo Martínez , María Grandury , Pedro Reviriego

LLMs can perform multi-step reasoning through Chain-of-Thought (CoT), but they cannot reliably verify their own logic. Even when they reach correct answers, the underlying reasoning may be flawed, undermining trust in high-stakes scenarios.…

Generative models for deep learning are promising both to improve understanding of the model, and yield training methods requiring fewer labeled samples. Recent works use generative model approaches to produce the deep net's input given the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-11-23 Sanjeev Arora , Yingyu Liang , Tengyu Ma

Current Chain-of-Thought (CoT) verification methods predict reasoning correctness based on outputs (black-box) or activations (gray-box), but offer limited insight into why a computation fails. We introduce a white-box method: Circuit-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Zheng Zhao , Yeskendir Koishekenov , Xianjun Yang , Naila Murray , Nicola Cancedda

Generating grounded and trustworthy responses remains a key challenge for large language models (LLMs). While retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with citation-based grounding holds promise, instruction-tuned models frequently fail even in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Shang Hong Sim , Tej Deep Pala , Vernon Toh , Hai Leong Chieu , Amir Zadeh , Chuan Li , Navonil Majumder , Soujanya Poria

Previous works have demonstrated the effectiveness of Chain-of-Thought (COT) prompts and verifiers in guiding Large Language Models (LLMs) through the space of reasoning. However, most such studies either use a fine-tuned verifier or rely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-24 Jishnu Ray Chowdhury , Cornelia Caragea

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to validate their output and identify potential errors is crucial for ensuring robustness and reliability. However, current research indicates that LLMs struggle with self-correction, encountering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Philipp Mondorf , Barbara Plank , Raffaella Bernardi