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Data centers capable of running large language models (LLMs) are spread across the globe. Some have high end GPUs for running the most advanced models (100B+ parameters), and others are only suitable for smaller models (1B parameters). The…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-02-24 Noah Martin , Fahad Dogar

The memory-for-computation paradigm of KV caching is essential for accelerating large language model (LLM) inference service, but limited GPU high-bandwidth memory (HBM) capacity motivates offloading the KV cache to cheaper external storage…

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) serving systems commonly employ KV-cache compression to reduce memory footprint. However, existing compression methods introduce significant processing overhead and queuing delays, particularly in…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2025-03-12 Jianian Zhu , Hang Wu , Haojie Wang , Yinghui Li , Biao Hou , Ruixuan Li , Jidong Zhai

The rapid evolution and widespread adoption of generative large language models (LLMs) have made them a pivotal workload in various applications. Today, LLM inference clusters receive a large number of queries with strict Service Level…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Jovan Stojkovic , Chaojie Zhang , Íñigo Goiri , Josep Torrellas , Esha Choukse

Large Language Models (LLMs) require significant GPU memory when processing long texts, with the key value (KV) cache consuming up to 70\% of total memory during inference. Although existing compression methods reduce memory by evaluating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Xiang Liu , Zhenheng Tang , Peijie Dong , Zeyu Li , Yue Liu , Bo Li , Xuming Hu , Xiaowen Chu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely deployed in a variety of applications, and the context length is rapidly increasing to handle tasks such as long-document QA and complex logical reasoning. However, long context poses…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Guangda Liu , Chengwei Li , Jieru Zhao , Chenqi Zhang , Minyi Guo

We describe KVLink, an approach for efficient key-value (KV) cache reuse in large language models (LLMs). In many LLM applications, different inputs can share overlapping context, such as the same retrieved document appearing in multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Jingbo Yang , Bairu Hou , Wei Wei , Yujia Bao , Shiyu Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) face challenges for on-device inference due to high memory demands. Traditional methods to reduce memory usage often compromise performance and lack adaptability. We propose FlexInfer, an optimized offloading…

操作系统 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Hongchao Du , Shangyu Wu , Arina Kharlamova , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue

The increasing deployment of Large Language Model (LLM) inference on edge AI systems demands efficient execution under tight memory budgets. A key challenge arises from Key-Value (KV) caches, which often exceed available device memory.…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Bodon Jeong , Hongsu Byun , Youngjae Kim , Weikuan Yu , Kyungkeun Lee , Jihoon Yang , Sungyong Park

Compared to traditional machine learning models, recent large language models (LLMs) can exhibit multi-task-solving capabilities through multiple dialogues and multi-modal data sources. These unique characteristics of LLMs, together with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Liangqi Yuan , Dong-Jun Han , Shiqiang Wang , Christopher G. Brinton

Nowadays, many companies possess various types of AI accelerators, forming heterogeneous clusters. Efficiently leveraging these clusters for high-throughput large language model (LLM) inference services can significantly reduce costs and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-04-23 Yi Xiong , Jinqi Huang , Wenjie Huang , Xuebing Yu , Entong Li , Zhixiong Ning , Jinhua Zhou , Li Zeng , Xin Chen

The surge in large language models (LLMs) has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of GPU usage patterns, creating an urgent need for more efficient management strategies. While cloud providers employ spot instances to reduce costs for…

Deploying large language models (LLMs) on edge devices is crucial for delivering fast responses and ensuring data privacy. However, the limited storage, weight, and power of edge devices make it difficult to deploy LLM-powered applications.…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Chunlin Tian , Xinpeng Qin , Kahou Tam , Li Li , Zijian Wang , Yuanzhe Zhao , Minglei Zhang , Chengzhong Xu

Incorporating external knowledge in large language models (LLMs) enhances their utility across diverse applications, but existing methods have trade-offs. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) fetches evidence via similarity search, but key…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Giulio Corallo , Orion Weller , Fabio Petroni , Paolo Papotti

Applications in emerging domains such as XR are being built as compound inference systems, where multiple ML models are composed in the form of a task graph to service each request. Serving these compound systems efficiently raises two…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Sriram Devata , Rahul Singh , Sarita Adve

The Key-Value (KV) cache is a crucial component in serving transformer-based autoregressive large language models (LLMs), enabling faster inference by storing previously computed KV vectors. However, its memory consumption scales linearly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Rongzhi Zhang , Kuang Wang , Liyuan Liu , Shuohang Wang , Hao Cheng , Chao Zhang , Yelong Shen

Deep-learning-based intelligent services have become prevalent in cyber-physical applications including smart cities and health-care. Deploying deep-learning-based intelligence near the end-user enhances privacy protection, responsiveness,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in natural language processing tasks but pose significant computational and memory challenges for edge deployment due to their intensive resource demands. This work addresses the efficiency of LLM…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Zhican Wang , Hongxiang Fan , Haroon Waris , Gang Wang , Zhenyu Li , Jianfei Jiang , Yanan Sun , Guanghui He

The large size of the KV cache has become a major bottleneck for serving LLMs with increasing context lengths. In response, many KV cache compression methods, such as token dropping and quantization, have been proposed. However, almost all…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Jiayi Yao , Samuel Shen , Kuntai Du , Shaoting Feng , Dongjoo Seo , Rui Zhang , Yuyang Huang , Yuhan Liu , Shan Lu , Junchen Jiang

To reduce memory consumption during LLM inference, prior works have proposed numerous methods that focus on KV cache pruning based on various criteria. While these techniques often accomplish lossless memory reduction on many datasets, they…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-07 Xuanfan Ni , Liyan Xu , Chenyang Lyu , Longyue Wang , Mo Yu , Lemao Liu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Piji Li