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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their immense number of parameters and complex transformer-based architectures result in significant resource…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Tianhao Tang , Haoyang Li , Lei Chen

Re-ranking models refine item recommendation lists generated by the prior global ranking model, which have demonstrated their effectiveness in improving the recommendation quality. However, most existing re-ranking solutions only learn from…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-03-14 Zhuoyi Lin , Sheng Zang , Rundong Wang , Zhu Sun , J. Senthilnath , Chi Xu , Chee-Keong Kwoh

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful post-training technique to incentivize the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs). However, LLMs can respond very inconsistently to RL finetuning: some show substantial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Zhepeng Cen , Yihang Yao , William Han , Zuxin Liu , Ding Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) frequently refuse to respond to pseudo-malicious instructions: semantically harmless input queries triggering unnecessary LLM refusals due to conservative safety alignment, significantly impairing user…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Xiaorui Wu , Fei Li , Xiaofeng Mao , Xin Zhang , Li Zheng , Yuxiang Peng , Chong Teng , Donghong Ji , Zhuang Li

Diverse instruction data is vital for effective instruction tuning of large language models, as it enables the model to generalize across different types of inputs . Building such diversified instruction dataset is an essential step in this…

To acquire instruction-following capabilities, large language models (LLMs) undergo instruction tuning, where they are trained on instruction-response pairs using next-token prediction (NTP). Efforts to improve instruction tuning often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yuxin Xiao , Shujian Zhang , Wenxuan Zhou , Marzyeh Ghassemi , Sanqiang Zhao

Instruction tuning has unlocked powerful capabilities in large language models (LLMs), effectively using combined datasets to develop generalpurpose chatbots. However, real-world applications often require a specialized suite of skills…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 Mengzhou Xia , Sadhika Malladi , Suchin Gururangan , Sanjeev Arora , Danqi Chen

Learning to rank (LTR) plays a crucial role in various Information Retrieval (IR) tasks. Although supervised LTR methods based on fine-grained relevance labels (e.g., document-level annotations) have achieved significant success, their…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Yiteng Tu , Zhichao Xu , Tao Yang , Weihang Su , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu , Fen Lin , Qin Liu , Qingyao Ai

While recent advancements in aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with recommendation tasks have shown great potential and promising performance overall, these aligned recommendation LLMs still face challenges in complex scenarios. This is…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Yi Fang , Wenjie Wang , Yang Zhang , Fengbin Zhu , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He

Pre-trained large language models (LLMs) can be tailored to adhere to human instructions through instruction tuning. However, due to shifts in the distribution of test-time data, they may not always execute instructions accurately,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-04 Hai Ye , Hwee Tou Ng

In the realm of large language models (LLMs), the ability of models to accurately follow instructions is paramount as more agents and applications leverage LLMs for construction, where the complexity of instructions are rapidly increasing.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-18 Xinghua Zhang , Haiyang Yu , Cheng Fu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in many areas but continue to face challenges with complex reasoning tasks, such as Multi-Hop Question Answering (MHQA). MHQA requires integrating evidence from diverse sources while managing intricate…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Bolei He , Xinran He , Mengke Chen , Xianwei Xue , Ying Zhu , Zhenhua Ling

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to follow user instructions is central to their reliability, safety, and usefulness. While prior studies assess instruction adherence in the model's main responses, we argue that it is also…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Yongchan Kwon , Shang Zhu , Federico Bianchi , Kaitlyn Zhou , James Zou

With the rise of LLMs, there is an increasing need for intelligent recommendation assistants that can handle complex queries and provide personalized, reasoning-driven recommendations. LLM-based recommenders show potential but face…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Jiani Huang , Shijie Wang , Liangbo Ning , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Information extraction (IE) has been studied extensively. The existing methods always follow a fixed extraction order for complex IE tasks with multiple elements to be extracted in one instance such as event extraction. However, we conduct…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Wenhao Huang , Jiaqing Liang , Zhixu Li , Yanghua Xiao , Chuanjun Ji

Reinforcement learning (RL) enhanced large language models (LLMs), particularly exemplified by DeepSeek-R1, have exhibited outstanding performance. Despite the effectiveness in improving LLM capabilities, its implementation remains highly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Shuhe Wang , Shengyu Zhang , Jie Zhang , Runyi Hu , Xiaoya Li , Tianwei Zhang , Jiwei Li , Fei Wu , Guoyin Wang , Eduard Hovy

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various natural language processing tasks. Despite this, their application to information retrieval (IR) tasks is still challenging due to the infrequent occurrence…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Yutao Zhu , Peitian Zhang , Chenghao Zhang , Yifei Chen , Binyu Xie , Zheng Liu , Ji-Rong Wen , Zhicheng Dou

Selecting high-quality data can improve the pretraining efficiency of large language models (LLMs). Existing methods generally rely on heuristic techniques or single quality signals, limiting their ability to evaluate data quality…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Liangyu Xu , Xuemiao Zhang , Feiyu Duan , Sirui Wang , Rongxiang Weng , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai

Instruction-following is a fundamental ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring their generated outputs to follow multiple constraints imposed in input instructions. Numerous studies have attempted to enhance this ability through…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Bosi Wen , Yilin Niu , Cunxiang Wang , Pei Ke , Xiaoying Ling , Ying Zhang , Aohan Zeng , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) require precise alignment with complex instructions to optimize their performance in real-world applications. As the demand for refined instruction tuning data increases, traditional methods that evolve simple…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-10-07 Jiuding Yang , Shengyao Lu , Weidong Guo , Xiangyang Li , Kaitong Yang , Yu Xu , Di Niu