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As large language models (LLMs) advance their capabilities, aligning these models with human preferences has become crucial. Preference optimization, which trains models to distinguish between preferred and non-preferred responses based on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Shawn Im , Sharon Li

In the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Named Entity Recognition (NER) is recognized as a critical technology, employed across a wide array of applications. Traditional methodologies for annotating datasets for NER models are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Yuji Naraki , Ryosuke Yamaki , Yoshikazu Ikeda , Takafumi Horie , Kotaro Yoshida , Ryotaro Shimizu , Hiroki Naganuma

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, yet aligning their generations with human preferences remains a critical challenge. Existing approaches to preference modeling often rely on an explicit or implicit reward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 Zhuocheng Gong , Jian Guan , Wei Wu , Huishuai Zhang , Dongyan Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are expected to be predictable and trustworthy to support reliable decision-making systems. Yet current LLMs often show inconsistencies in their judgments. In this work, we examine logical preference consistency…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Yinhong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Tianya Liang , Ehsan Shareghi , Ivan Vulić , Nigel Collier

Large language models (LLMs) often exhibit tendencies that diverge from human preferences, such as favoring certain writing styles or producing overly verbose outputs. While crucial for improvement, identifying the factors driving these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Juhyun Oh , Eunsu Kim , Jiseon Kim , Wenda Xu , Inha Cha , William Yang Wang , Alice Oh

Large language model (LLM) alignment is typically achieved through learning from human preference comparisons, making the quality of preference data critical to its success. Existing studies often pre-process raw training datasets to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Zizhuo Zhang , Qizhou Wang , Shanshan Ye , Jianing Zhu , Jiangchao Yao , Bo Han , Masashi Sugiyama

Large language models have been widely adopted in natural language processing, yet they face the challenge of generating unreliable content. Recent works aim to reduce misinformation and hallucinations by resorting to attribution as a means…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Dongfang Li , Zetian Sun , Baotian Hu , Zhenyu Liu , Xinshuo Hu , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang

Despite the parallel challenges that audio and text domains face in evaluating generative model outputs, preference learning remains remarkably underexplored in audio applications. Through a PRISMA-guided systematic review of approximately…

声音 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Aaron Broukhim , Yiran Shen , Prithviraj Ammanabrolu , Nadir Weibel

Language models serve as proxies for human preference judgements in alignment and evaluation, yet they exhibit systematic miscalibration, prioritizing superficial patterns over substantive qualities. This bias manifests as overreliance on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Anirudh Bharadwaj , Chaitanya Malaviya , Nitish Joshi , Mark Yatskar

The NLP community has long advocated for the construction of multi-annotator datasets to better capture the nuances of language interpretation, subjectivity, and ambiguity. This paper conducts a retrospective study to show how performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Pritam Kadasi , Mayank Singh

As large language models (LLMs) become more capable, fine-tuning techniques for aligning with human intent are increasingly important. A key consideration for aligning these models is how to most effectively use human resources, or model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 William Muldrew , Peter Hayes , Mingtian Zhang , David Barber

Human annotation remains the foundation of reliable and interpretable data in Natural Language Processing (NLP). As annotation and evaluation tasks continue to expand, from categorical labelling to segmentation, subjective judgment, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Joseph James

Aligning diffusion models with human preferences remains challenging, particularly when reward models are unavailable or impractical to obtain, and collecting large-scale preference datasets is prohibitively expensive. \textit{This raises a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Xiaoxuan He , Siming Fu , Wanli Li , Zhiyuan Li , Dacheng Yin , Kang Rong , Fengyun Rao , Bo Zhang

Evaluating the quality of search, ranking and RAG systems traditionally requires a significant number of human relevance annotations. In recent times, several deployed systems have explored the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) as…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Abhishek Divekar , Anirban Majumder

Reward models (RMs) play a pivotal role in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values. However, noisy preferences in human feedback can lead to reward misgeneralization - a phenomenon where reward models learn spurious…

Preference optimization is a critical post-training technique used to align large language models (LLMs) with human preferences, typically by fine-tuning on ranked response pairs. While methods like Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Rhitabrat Pokharel , Yufei Tao , Ameeta Agrawal

User satisfaction in dialogue systems is inherently subjective. When the same response strategy is applied across users, minority users may assign different satisfaction ratings than majority users due to variations in individual intents…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Yahui Fu , Zi Haur Pang , Tatsuya Kawahara

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

Large Visual Language Models (LVLMs) increasingly rely on preference alignment to ensure reliability, which steers the model behavior via preference fine-tuning on preference data structured as ``image - winner text - loser text'' triplets.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Kejia Chen , Jiawen Zhang , Jiacong Hu , Jiazhen Yang , Jian Lou , Zunlei Feng , Mingli Song

Industrial B2B applications (e.g., construction site risk prediction, material procurement) face extreme data sparsity yet feature rich textual interactions. In such environments, traditional ID-based collaborative filtering fails lacking…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Ryogo Hishikawa , Ichiro Kataoka , Shinya Yuda