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Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) are increasingly used for critical tasks, yet they provide no guarantees about the correctness of their solutions. Users must decide whether to trust the model's answer, aided…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Vardhan Palod , Upasana Biswas , Subbarao Kambhampati

Sycophancy (overly agreeable or flattering behavior) poses a fundamental challenge for human-AI collaboration, particularly in high-stakes decision-making domains such as health, law, and education. A central difficulty in studying…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-05 Katherine Atwell , Pedram Heydari , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

Alignment of large language models (LLMs) with human values and preferences, often achieved through fine-tuning based on human feedback, is essential for ensuring safe and responsible AI behaviors. However, the process typically requires…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Runjin Chen , Gabriel Jacob Perin , Xuxi Chen , Xilun Chen , Yan Han , Nina S. T. Hirata , Junyuan Hong , Bhavya Kailkhura

Recent advances in large language models have highlighted their potential for personalized recommendation, where accurately capturing user preferences remains a key challenge. Leveraging their strong reasoning and generalization…

Analogical reasoning -- the capacity to identify and map structural relationships between different domains -- is fundamental to human cognition and learning. Recent studies have shown that large language models (LLMs) can sometimes match…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Sam Musker , Alex Duchnowski , Raphaël Millière , Ellie Pavlick

Most large language models (LLMs) are sensitive to prompts, and another synonymous expression or a typo may lead to unexpected results for the model. Composing an optimal prompt for a specific demand lacks theoretical support and relies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Zhenyu Zhang , Bingguang Hao , Jinpeng Li , Zekai Zhang , Dongyan Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in handling general knowledge tasks, yet they struggle with user-specific personalization, such as understanding individual emotions, writing styles, and preferences. Personalized Large Language Models…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Jiahong Liu , Zexuan Qiu , Zhongyang Li , Quanyu Dai , Wenhao Yu , Jieming Zhu , Minda Hu , Menglin Yang , Tat-Seng Chua , Irwin King

The growth of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) presents significant challenges for personalized learning, where concept recommendation is crucial. Existing approaches typically rely on heterogeneous information networks or knowledge…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Xiangrui Xiong , Yichuan Lu , Zifei Pan , Chang Sun

Requirements expressed in natural language are an indispensable artifact in the software development process, as all stakeholders can understand them. However, their ambiguity poses a persistent challenge. To address this issue,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Mauro José Pacchiotti , Mariel Ale y Luciana Ballejos

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential to accelerate systematic literature reviews (SLRs), yet current approaches often rely on brittle, manually crafted prompts that compromise reliability and reproducibility. This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-03 Teo Susnjak

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have rendered visible the fragility of contemporary knowledge infrastructures by simulating coherence while bypassing traditional modes of citation, authority, and validation. This paper…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Matthew Kelly

Alignment with human preferences is an important evaluation aspect of LLMs, requiring them to be helpful, honest, safe, and to precisely follow human instructions. Evaluating large language models' (LLMs) alignment typically involves…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Yixin Liu , Pengfei Liu , Arman Cohan

As large language models (LLMs) become integrated into everyday and high-stakes decision-making, they inherit the ambiguity and biases of human language. While they produce fluent and coherent outputs, they rely on statistical pattern…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Rikard Rosenbacke , Carl Rosenbacke , Victor Rosenbacke , Martin McKee

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used for tasks where outputs shape human decisions, so it is critical to verify that their responses consistently reflect desired human values. Humans, as individuals or groups, don't…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Aman Gupta , Denny O'Shea , Fazl Barez

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) face an often-overlooked challenge stemming from intrinsic semantic differences across languages. Linguistic divergence can sometimes lead to cross-linguistic disagreements--disagreements purely due…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-10 Masaharu Mizumoto , Dat Tien Nguyen , Justin Sytsma , Mark Alfano , Yu Izumi , Koji Fujita , Nguyen Le Minh

Having a unified, coherent taxonomy is essential for effective knowledge representation in domain-specific applications as diverse terminologies need to be mapped to underlying concepts. Traditional manual approaches to taxonomy alignment…

Alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) remains an unsolved problem. Human preferences are highly distributed and can be captured at multiple levels of abstraction, from the individual to diverse populations. Organisational preferences,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-08-02 Gareth Seneque , Lap-Hang Ho , Ariel Kuperman , Nafise Erfanian Saeedi , Jeffrey Molendijk

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in academic writing practices. Although numerous studies have explored how researchers employ these tools for scientific writing, their concrete implementation, limitations, and design…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Brenda Nogueira , Werner Geyer , Andrew Anderson , Toby Jia-Jun Li , Dongwhi Kim , Nuno Moniz , Nitesh V. Chawla

Large language models (LLMs) are used to generate content for a wide range of tasks, and are set to reach a growing audience in coming years due to integration in product interfaces like ChatGPT or search engines like Bing. This intensifies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-10 Hannah Rose Kirk , Bertie Vidgen , Paul Röttger , Scott A. Hale

Accurately modeling user preferences is vital not only for improving recommendation performance but also for enhancing transparency in recommender systems. Conventional user profiling methods, such as averaging item embeddings, often…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Milad Sabouri , Masoud Mansoury , Kun Lin , Bamshad Mobasher