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Small Language Models (SLMs) have become increasingly important due to their efficiency and performance to perform various language tasks with minimal computational resources, making them ideal for various settings including on-device,…

One of the biggest challenges hindering progress in low-resource and multilingual machine translation is the lack of good evaluation benchmarks. Current evaluation benchmarks either lack good coverage of low-resource languages, consider…

Training LLMs for low-resource languages usually utilizes data augmentation from English using machine translation (MT). This, however, brings a number of challenges to LLM training: there are large costs attached to translating and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-08 Sabri Boughorbel , MD Rizwan Parvez , Majd Hawasly

In real-world NLP applications, Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising solutions due to their extensive training on vast datasets. However, the large size and high computation demands of LLMs limit their practicality in many…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Juanhui Li , Sreyashi Nag , Hui Liu , Xianfeng Tang , Sheikh Sarwar , Limeng Cui , Hansu Gu , Suhang Wang , Qi He , Jiliang Tang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in translating natural language questions into SQL queries (Text-to-SQL). In contrast, small language models (SLMs) ranging from 0.5B to 1.5B parameters currently…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Lei Sheng , Shuai-Shuai Xu

The recent advancements of Small Language Models (SLMs) have opened new possibilities for efficient code generation. SLMs offer lightweight and cost-effective alternatives to Large Language Models (LLMs), making them attractive for use in…

The ongoing evolution of language models has led to the development of large-scale architectures that demonstrate exceptional performance across a wide range of tasks. However, these models come with significant computational and energy…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Xialie Zhuang , Peixian Ma , Zhikai Jia , Zane Cao , Shiwei Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable translation capabilities in high-resource language tasks, yet their performance in low-resource languages is hindered by insufficient multilingual data during pre-training. To address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Yinquan Lu , Wenhao Zhu , Lei Li , Yu Qiao , Fei Yuan

Knowledge distillation typically involves transferring knowledge from a Large Language Model (LLM) to a Smaller Language Model (SLM). However, in tasks such as text matching, fine-tuned smaller models often yield more effective…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-09 Mingzhe Li , Jing Xiang , Qishen Zhang , Kaiyang Wan , Xiuying Chen

Evaluating machine translation (MT) for low-resource languages poses a persistent challenge, primarily due to the limited availability of high quality reference translations. This issue is further exacerbated in languages with multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Md. Atiqur Rahman , Sabrina Islam , Mushfiqul Haque Omi

While multilingual language models (MLMs) have been trained on 100+ languages, they are typically only evaluated across a handful of them due to a lack of available test data in most languages. This is particularly problematic when…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Rochelle Choenni , Sara Rajaee , Christof Monz , Ekaterina Shutova

This study investigates the challenges of translating low-resource languages by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). Various model configurations were tested on Hakka translations, with BLEU…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Chen-Chi Chang , Chong-Fu Li , Chu-Hsuan Lee , Hung-Shin Lee

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise as agents in interactive tasks, their substantial computational requirements and restricted number of calls constrain their practical utility, especially in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-07 Maryam Hashemzadeh , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Sarath Chandar , Marc-Alexandre Cote

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant interest in natural language processing (NLP), particularly their remarkable performance in various downstream tasks in resource-rich languages. Recent studies have highlighted the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-06 Md. Arid Hasan , Prerona Tarannum , Krishno Dey , Imran Razzak , Usman Naseem

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly prevalent in our daily lives, leading to an expectation for LLMs to be trustworthy -- - both accurate and well-calibrated (the prediction confidence should align with its ground truth…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-04 KaShun Shum , Minrui Xu , Jianshu Zhang , Zixin Chen , Shizhe Diao , Hanze Dong , Jipeng Zhang , Muhammad Omer Raza

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. However, their enormous parameter size and extremely high requirements for compute power pose challenges for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-26 Bohao Yang , Chen Tang , Kun Zhao , Chenghao Xiao , Chenghua Lin

Multilingual language models have significantly advanced due to rapid progress in natural language processing. Models like BLOOM 1.7B, trained on diverse multilingual datasets, aim to bridge linguistic gaps. However, their effectiveness in…

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive zero/few-shot inference and generation quality for high-resource languages (HRLs). A few of them have been trained on low-resource languages (LRLs) and give decent performance. Owing to the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-22 Arijit Nag , Animesh Mukherjee , Niloy Ganguly , Soumen Chakrabarti

Distilling large language models (LLMs) typically involves transferring the teacher model's responses through supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, this approach neglects the potential to distill both data (output content) and reward…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recent research indicates that moderately-sized LLMs often outperform larger ones after task-specific fine-tuning. This study focuses…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , George Foster , Gholamreza Haffari