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Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in language understanding and generation. However, their application in text embedding tasks has been relatively slow, along with the analysis of their semantic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-03 Zhaoxin Feng , Jianfei Ma , Emmanuele Chersoni , Xiaojing Zhao , Xiaoyi Bao

Pairwise dot-product self-attention is key to the success of transformers that achieve state-of-the-art performance across a variety of applications in language and vision. This dot-product self-attention computes attention weights among…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-04 Stefan K. Nielsen , Laziz U. Abdullaev , Rachel S. Y. Teo , Tan M. Nguyen

Transformers are neural networks that revolutionized natural language processing and machine learning. They process sequences of inputs, like words, using a mechanism called self-attention, which is trained via masked language modeling…

无序系统与神经网络 · 物理学 2024-04-17 Riccardo Rende , Federica Gerace , Alessandro Laio , Sebastian Goldt

Attention-based architectures trained on internet-scale language data have demonstrated state of the art reasoning ability for various language-based tasks, such as logic problems and textual reasoning. Additionally, these Large Language…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Mark Van der Merwe , Devesh Jha

In this paper, we propose a simple and effective technique to allow for efficient self-supervised learning with bi-directional Transformers. Our approach is motivated by recent studies demonstrating that self-attention patterns in trained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-07 Ameet Deshpande , Karthik Narasimhan

Latest development of neural models has connected the encoder and decoder through a self-attention mechanism. In particular, Transformer, which is solely based on self-attention, has led to breakthroughs in Natural Language Processing (NLP)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-11-07 Xindian Ma , Peng Zhang , Shuai Zhang , Nan Duan , Yuexian Hou , Dawei Song , Ming Zhou

Attention mechanisms that confer selective focus on a strict subset of input elements are nearly ubiquitous in language models today. We posit there to be downside to the use of attention: most input information is lost. In support of this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-21 Benjamin L. Badger

In this paper, we seek solutions for reducing the computation complexity of transformer-based models for speech representation learning. We evaluate 10 attention algorithms; then, we pre-train the transformer-based model with those…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-11-04 Tsung-Han Wu , Chun-Chen Hsieh , Yen-Hao Chen , Po-Han Chi , Hung-yi Lee

Transformers are among the state of the art for many tasks in speech, vision, and natural language processing, among others. Self-attentions, which are crucial contributors to this performance have quadratic computational complexity, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-21 Roshan Sharma , Bhiksha Raj

Transformer-based language models have found many diverse applications requiring them to process sequences of increasing length. For these applications, the causal self-attention -- which is the only component scaling quadratically w.r.t.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-05 Matteo Pagliardini , Daniele Paliotta , Martin Jaggi , François Fleuret

Attention mechanisms have improved the performance of NLP tasks while allowing models to remain explainable. Self-attention is currently widely used, however interpretability is difficult due to the numerous attention distributions. Recent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-30 Khalil Mrini , Franck Dernoncourt , Quan Tran , Trung Bui , Walter Chang , Ndapa Nakashole

There is a growing interest in the ability of neural networks to execute algorithmic tasks (e.g., arithmetic, summary statistics, and sorting). The goal of this work is to better understand the role of attention in Transformers for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-11 Artur Back de Luca , George Giapitzakis , Shenghao Yang , Petar Veličković , Kimon Fountoulakis

The key to a Transformer model is the self-attention mechanism, which allows the model to analyze an entire sequence in a computationally efficient manner. Recent work has suggested the possibility that general attention mechanisms used by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-01-01 Thomas Dowdell , Hongyu Zhang

Self-attention is an attention mechanism that learns a representation by relating different positions in the sequence. The transformer, which is a sequence model solely based on self-attention, and its variants achieved state-of-the-art…

声音 · 计算机科学 2019-06-13 Minz Won , Sanghyuk Chun , Xavier Serra

Recently, the Transformer model that is based solely on attention mechanisms, has advanced the state-of-the-art on various machine translation tasks. However, recent studies reveal that the lack of recurrence hinders its further improvement…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-04-08 Jie Hao , Xing Wang , Baosong Yang , Longyue Wang , Jinfeng Zhang , Zhaopeng Tu

Neural sequence models, especially transformers, exhibit a remarkable capacity for in-context learning. They can construct new predictors from sequences of labeled examples $(x, f(x))$ presented in the input without further parameter…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-19 Ekin Akyürek , Dale Schuurmans , Jacob Andreas , Tengyu Ma , Denny Zhou

Recent work has demonstrated that transformers and linear attention models can perform in-context learning (ICL) on simple function classes, such as linear regression. In this paper, we empirically study how these two attention mechanisms…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-20 Ayush Goel , Arjun Kohli , Sarvagya Somvanshi

The attention mechanism lies at the core of the transformer architecture, providing an interpretable model-internal signal that has motivated a growing interest in attention-based model explanations. Although attention weights do not…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Marte Eggen , Jacob Lysnæs-Larsen , Inga Strümke

We present an approximate attention mechanism named HyperAttention to address the computational challenges posed by the growing complexity of long contexts used in Large Language Models (LLMs). Recent work suggests that in the worst-case…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-12-04 Insu Han , Rajesh Jayaram , Amin Karbasi , Vahab Mirrokni , David P. Woodruff , Amir Zandieh

Apart from the high accuracy of machine learning models, what interests many researchers in real-life problems (e.g., fraud detection, credit scoring) is to find hidden patterns in data; particularly when dealing with their challenging…