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Large Language Models (LLMs) encode vast world knowledge across multiple languages, yet their internal beliefs are often unevenly distributed across linguistic spaces. When external evidence contradicts these language-dependent memories,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Jiaqi Zhao , Qiang Huang , Haodong Chen , Xiaoxing You , Jun Yu

Despite rapid progress in large language models (LLMs), their performance on a vast majority of languages remains unsatisfactory. In this paper, we study building language-specific LLMs by adapting monolingual and multilingual LLMs. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Atula Tejaswi , Nilesh Gupta , Eunsol Choi

Abstention Ability (AA) is a critical aspect of Large Language Model (LLM) reliability, referring to an LLM's capability to withhold responses when uncertain or lacking a definitive answer, without compromising performance. Although…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Nishanth Madhusudhan , Sathwik Tejaswi Madhusudhan , Vikas Yadav , Masoud Hashemi

Multilingual reasoning remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs), with performance disproportionately favoring high-resource languages. Drawing inspiration from cognitive neuroscience, which suggests that human…

We investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can predict whether they will succeed on a given task and whether their predictions improve as they progress through multi-step tasks. We also investigate whether LLMs can learn from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Casey O. Barkan , Sid Black , Oliver Sourbut

Effective abstention (EA), recognizing evidence insufficiency and refraining from answering, is critical for reliable multimodal systems. Yet existing evaluation paradigms for vision-language models (VLMs) and multi-agent systems (MAS)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Nishanth Madhusudhan , Vikas Yadav , Alexandre Lacoste

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong machine translation capabilities on languages they are trained on. However, the impact of factors beyond training data size on translation performance remains a topic of debate, especially…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-08 Ryandito Diandaru , Lucky Susanto , Zilu Tang , Ayu Purwarianti , Derry Wijaya

While state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on many tasks, there has been extensive research on undesirable model behavior such as hallucinations and bias. In this work, we investigate how the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Elinor Poole-Dayan , Deb Roy , Jad Kabbara

Although large language models (LLMs) are highly interactive and extendable, current approaches to ensure reliability in deployments remain mostly limited to rejecting outputs with high uncertainty in order to avoid misinformation. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 T. Duy Nguyen-Hien , Desi R. Ivanova , Yee Whye Teh , Wee Sun Lee

As natural language becomes the default interface for human-AI interaction, there is a need for LMs to appropriately communicate uncertainties in downstream applications. In this work, we investigate how LMs incorporate confidence in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-11 Kaitlyn Zhou , Jena D. Hwang , Xiang Ren , Maarten Sap

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has been accompanied by the development of various benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities. However, the true nature of these evaluations and the extent to which they…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Botian Jiang , Lei Li , Xiaonan Li , Zhaowei Li , Xiachong Feng , Lingpeng Kong , Qi Liu , Xipeng Qiu

We develop a principled procedure for determining when a large language model (LLM) should abstain from responding (e.g., by saying "I don't know") in a general domain, instead of resorting to possibly "hallucinating" a non-sensical or…

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities across various tasks, they exhibit significant performance discrepancies across languages. While prompting LLMs in English typically yields the highest general…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Andrew Ivan Soegeng , Patrick Sutanto , Tan Sang Nguyen

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have gained increasing popularity due to their compelling prediction performance in diverse natural language processing (NLP) tasks. When formulating a PLM-based prediction pipeline for NLP tasks, it is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-17 Yuxin Xiao , Paul Pu Liang , Umang Bhatt , Willie Neiswanger , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Louis-Philippe Morency

Preference optimization techniques have become a standard final stage for training state-of-art large language models (LLMs). However, despite widespread adoption, the vast majority of work to-date has focused on first-class citizen…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-04 John Dang , Arash Ahmadian , Kelly Marchisio , Julia Kreutzer , Ahmet Üstün , Sara Hooker

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) are advancing rapidly, with new models frequently claiming support for an increasing number of languages. However, existing evaluation datasets are limited and lack cross-lingual alignment, leaving…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Wenhan Han , Yifan Zhang , Zhixun Chen , Binbin Liu , Haobin Lin , Bingni Zhang , Taifeng Wang , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Meng Fang , Yin Zheng

System prompts provide a lightweight yet powerful mechanism for conditioning large language models (LLMs) at inference time. While prior work has focused on English-only settings, real-world deployments benefit from having a single prompt…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-03 Lechen Zhang , Yusheng Zhou , Tolga Ergen , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , David Jurgens

There is a growing literature on reasoning by large language models (LLMs), but the discussion on the uncertainty in their responses is still lacking. Our aim is to assess the extent of confidence that LLMs have in their answers and how it…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Yudi Pawitan , Chris Holmes

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly proposed for crisis preparedness and response, particularly for multilingual communication. However, their suitability for high-stakes crisis contexts remains insufficiently evaluated. This work…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Belu Ticona , Antonis Anastasopoulos

Although LLMs have attained significant success in high-resource languages, their capacity in low-resource linguistic environments like Kannada and Arabic is not yet fully understood. This work benchmarking the performance of multilingual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Maitha Alshehhi , Ahmed Sharshar , Mohsen Guizani