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Large Language Models (LLMs) typically generate outputs token by token using a fixed compute budget, leading to inefficient resource utilization. To address this shortcoming, recent advancements in mixture of expert (MoE) models,…

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have displayed remarkable creative prowess and emergence capabilities. Existing empirical studies have revealed a strong connection between these LLMs' impressive emergence abilities and their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-14 Dake Bu , Wei Huang , Andi Han , Atsushi Nitanda , Taiji Suzuki , Qingfu Zhang , Hau-San Wong

Although behavioral studies have documented numerical reasoning errors in large language models (LLMs), the underlying representational mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesize that numerical attributes occupy shared latent subspaces and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Hirohane Takagi , Gouki Minegishi , Shota Kizawa , Issey Sukeda , Hitomi Yanaka

Large transformers are powerful architectures used for self-supervised data analysis across various data types, including protein sequences, images, and text. In these models, the semantic structure of the dataset emerges from a sequence of…

The geometric structure of latent representations in large language models (LLMs) is an active area of research, driven in part by its implications for model transparency and AI safety. Existing literature has focused mainly on general…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Benjamin J. Choi , Melanie Weber

With the rapid advancements in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs), connectors play a pivotal role in bridging diverse modalities and enhancing model performance. However, the design and evolution of connectors have not been…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Xun Zhu , Zheng Zhang , Xi Chen , Yiming Shi , Miao Li , Ji Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly capable of interacting with external tools, granting access to specialized knowledge beyond their training data - critical in dynamic, knowledge-intensive domains such as Chemistry and…

Token representations in high-dimensional latent spaces often exhibit redundancy, limiting computational efficiency and reducing structural coherence across model layers. Hierarchical latent space folding introduces a structured…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Fenella Harcourt , Naderdel Piero , Gilbert Sutherland , Daphne Holloway , Harriet Bracknell , Julian Ormsby

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate an impressive capacity to recall a vast range of factual knowledge. However, understanding their underlying reasoning and internal mechanisms in exploiting this knowledge remains a key research area.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Marco Bronzini , Carlo Nicolini , Bruno Lepri , Jacopo Staiano , Andrea Passerini

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance on tasks requiring complex linguistic abilities, such as reference disambiguation and metaphor recognition/generation. Although LLMs possess impressive capabilities, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Yi Jing , Zijun Yao , Hongzhu Guo , Lingxu Ran , Xiaozhi Wang , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and generating content across various modalities, such as images and text. However, their interpretability remains a challenge, hindering…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Loris Giulivi , Giacomo Boracchi

While Large language models (LLMs) have proved able to address some complex reasoning tasks, we also know that they are highly sensitive to input variation, which can lead to different solution paths and final answers. Answer consistency…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Huiyuan Lai , Xiao Zhang , Malvina Nissim

We assess how multilingual language models maintain a shared multilingual representation space while still encoding language-sensitive information in each language. Using XLM-R as a case study, we show that languages occupy similar linear…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-25 Tyler A. Chang , Zhuowen Tu , Benjamin K. Bergen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in natural language understanding and reasoning, while recent extensions that incorporate visual inputs enable them to process multimodal information. Despite these…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Pengcheng Zheng , Chaoning Zhang , Ya Wen , Wang Liu , Qigan Sun , Jiarong Mo , Jiaquan Zhang , Jewon Lee , Tae-Ho Kim , Kuien Liu , Tianyu Li , Caiyan Qin , Yang Yang

Seeing clearly with high resolution is a foundation of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), which has been proven to be vital for visual perception and reasoning. Existing works usually employ a straightforward resolution upscaling method, where…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-17 Yi-Fan Zhang , Qingsong Wen , Chaoyou Fu , Xue Wang , Zhang Zhang , Liang Wang , Rong Jin

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and describing visual content, achieving state-of-the-art performance across various vision-language tasks. However, these models often generate…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-27 Kazi Hasan Ibn Arif , Sajib Acharjee Dip , Khizar Hussain , Lang Zhang , Chris Thomas

Text embeddings from large language models (LLMs) have achieved excellent results in tasks such as information retrieval, semantic textual similarity, etc. In this work, we show an interesting finding: when feeding a text into the LLM-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Zhijie Nie , Richong Zhang , Zhanyu Wu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have transformed multimodal reasoning, but feeding hundreds of visual patch tokens into LLMs incurs quadratic computational costs, straining memory and context windows. Traditional approaches face a trade-off:…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-10 Jusheng Zhang , Xiaoyang Guo , Kaitong Cai , Qinhan Lv , Yijia Fan , Wenhao Chai , Jian Wang , Keze Wang

To gain insight into the mechanisms behind machine learning methods, it is crucial to establish connections among the features describing data points. However, these correlations often exhibit a high-dimensional and strongly nonlinear…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Lorenzo Basile , Santiago Acevedo , Luca Bortolussi , Fabio Anselmi , Alex Rodriguez