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Contextual priming, where earlier stimuli covertly bias later judgments, offers an unexplored attack surface for large language models (LLMs). We uncover a contextual priming vulnerability in which the previous response in the dialogue can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-24 Ziqi Miao , Lijun Li , Yuan Xiong , Zhenhua Liu , Pengyu Zhu , Jing Shao

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly integrated into mainstream development platforms and daily technological workflows, typically behind moderation and safety controls. Despite these controls, preventing prompt-based…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-06 Benyamin Tafreshian

Diffusion models have recently achieved remarkable advancements in terms of image quality and fidelity to textual prompts. Concurrently, the safety of such generative models has become an area of growing concern. This work introduces a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Tong Liu , Zhixin Lai , Jiawen Wang , Gengyuan Zhang , Shuo Chen , Philip Torr , Vera Demberg , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning and instruction-following capabilities, yet their expanded modality space introduces new compositional safety risks that emerge from complex text-image…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Xuankun Rong , Wenke Huang , Tingfeng Wang , Daiguo Zhou , Bo Du , Mang Ye

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become prevalent across diverse sectors, transforming human life with their extraordinary reasoning and comprehension abilities. As they find increased use in sensitive tasks, safety concerns have gained…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-09 Guangyu Shen , Siyuan Cheng , Kaiyuan Zhang , Guanhong Tao , Shengwei An , Lu Yan , Zhuo Zhang , Shiqing Ma , Xiangyu Zhang

We present a novel black-box jailbreaking framework that integrates multiple LLM-as-Attacker strategies to deliver highly transferable and effective attacks. The framework is grounded in three key insights from prior jailbreaking research…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Yiqi Yang , Hongye Fu

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite advanced general capabilities, still suffer from numerous safety risks, especially jailbreak attacks that bypass safety protocols. Understanding these vulnerabilities through black-box jailbreak…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Yao Huang , Yitong Sun , Shouwei Ruan , Yichi Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Xingxing Wei

Vision-language models (VLMs) extend large language models (LLMs) with vision encoders, enabling text generation conditioned on both images and text. However, this multimodal integration expands the attack surface by exposing the model to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Kaiyuan Cui , Yige Li , Yutao Wu , Xingjun Ma , Sarah Erfani , Christopher Leckie , Hanxun Huang

We introduce MiRAGE, an evaluation framework for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) from multimodal sources. As audiovisual media becomes a prevalent source of information online, it is essential for RAG systems to integrate information…

Hallucination continues to pose a major obstacle in the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Although the Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) paradigm offers a promising solution by promoting consensus among multiple agents to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-17 Dayong Liang , Xiao-Yong Wei , Changmeng Zheng

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) extend large language models with visual reasoning, but their multimodal design also introduces new, underexplored vulnerabilities. Existing multimodal red-teaming methods largely rely on brittle templates,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Qilin Liao , Anamika Lochab , Ruqi Zhang

With the emergence of strong vision language capabilities, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential for real-world applications. However, the security vulnerabilities exhibited by the visual modality…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Ziqi Miao , Yi Ding , Lijun Li , Jing Shao

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass alignment safeguards and elicit harmful outputs. While prior research has proposed various attack strategies differing in human readability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Havva Alizadeh Noughabi , Julien Serbanescu , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Ali Dehghantanha

The rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has introduced complex security challenges, particularly at the intersection of textual and visual safety. While existing schemes have explored the security vulnerabilities…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-23 Mingyu Yu , Lana Liu , Zhehao Zhao , Wei Wang , Sujuan Qin

Modern large language model (LLM) developers typically conduct a safety alignment to prevent an LLM from generating unethical or harmful content. Recent studies have discovered that the safety alignment of LLMs can be bypassed by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-14 Xuan Chen , Yuzhou Nie , Lu Yan , Yunshu Mao , Wenbo Guo , Xiangyu Zhang

Recent progress in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has demonstrated promising performance on medical benchmarks and in preliminary trials as clinical assistants. Yet, our pilot audit of diagnostic cases uncovers a critical failure…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Hongjun Liu , Yinghao Zhu , Yuhui Wang , Yitao Long , Zeyu Lai , Lequan Yu , Chen Zhao

Web applications remain the dominant attack surface in cybersecurity, where vulnerabilities such as SQL injection, XSS, and business logic flaws continue to cause significant data breaches. While penetration testing is effective for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Tran Vy Khang , Nguyen Dang Nguyen Khang , Nghi Hoang Khoa , Do Thi Thu Hien , Van-Hau Pham , Phan The Duy

The discovery of "jailbreaks" to bypass safety filters of Large Language Models (LLMs) and harmful responses have encouraged the community to implement safety measures. One major safety measure is to proactively test the LLMs with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Haibo Jin , Ruoxi Chen , Peiyan Zhang , Andy Zhou , Haohan Wang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve strong multimodal reasoning performance, yet we identify a recurring failure mode in long-form generation: as outputs grow longer, models progressively drift away from image evidence and fall…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Shuai Lv , Chang Liu , Feng Tang , Yujie Yuan , Aojun Zhou , Kui Zhang , Xi Yang , Yangqiu Song

Jailbreak attacks reveal critical vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) by causing them to generate harmful or unethical content. Evaluating these threats is particularly challenging due to the evolving nature of LLMs and the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Peiyan Zhang , Haibo Jin , Liying Kang , Haohan Wang
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