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Adapters and Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are parameter-efficient fine-tuning techniques designed to make the training of language models more efficient. Previous results demonstrated that these methods can even improve performance on some…

The fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) has enabled them to recently achieve milestones in natural language processing applications. The emergence of ever larger LLMs has paved the way for more efficient fine-tuning methods. Among…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-01 Christophe Tribes , Sacha Benarroch-Lelong , Peng Lu , Ivan Kobyzev

Data selection for finetuning Large Language Models (LLMs) can be framed as a budget-constrained optimization problem: maximizing a model's downstream performance under a strict training data budget. Solving this problem is generally…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Animesh Jha , Harshit Gupta , Ananjan Nandi

Large language models demonstrate impressive proficiency in language understanding and generation. Nonetheless, training these models from scratch, even the least complex billion-parameter variant demands significant computational resources…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-01-10 Danyal Aftab , Steven Davy

Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on Human Preference Alignment (HPA) to ensure the generation of safe content. Due to the heavy cost associated with fine-tuning, fine-tuning-free methods have emerged, typically modifying LLM decoding with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-15 Feifan Song , Yuxuan Fan , Xin Zhang , Peiyi Wang , Houfeng Wang

Training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) come with challenges related to memory and computational requirements due to the increasing size of the model weights and the optimizer states. Various techniques have been developed to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Yehonathan Refael , Jonathan Svirsky , Boris Shustin , Wasim Huleihel , Ofir Lindenbaum

In the training of large language models, parameter-efficient techniques such as LoRA optimize memory usage and reduce communication overhead and memory usage during the fine-tuning phase. However, applying such techniques directly during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Kaiye Zhou , Shucheng Wang , Jun Xu

Fine-tuning has proven to be highly effective in adapting pre-trained models to perform better on new desired tasks with minimal data samples. Among the most widely used approaches are reparameterization methods, which update a target…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Aymane El Firdoussi , El Mahdi Chayti , Mohamed El Amine Seddik , Martin Jaggi

Prior research shows that large language models (LLMs) exhibit systematic extrapolation bias when forming predictions from both experimental and real-world data, and that prompt-based approaches appear limited in alleviating this bias. We…

综合金融 · 定量金融 2026-05-05 Zhenyu Gao , Wenxi Jiang , Yutong Yan

Fine-tuning large pre-trained models for downstream tasks has become a fundamental approach in natural language processing. Fully fine-tuning all model parameters is computationally expensive and memory-intensive, especially in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Yu Chen , Yifei Han , Long Zhang , Yue Du , Bin Li

While Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) enables parameter-efficient fine-tuning for Large Language Models (LLMs), its performance often falls short of Full Fine-Tuning (Full FT). Current methods optimize LoRA by initializing with static singular…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Chenghao Fan , Zhenyi Lu , Sichen Liu , Chengfeng Gu , Xiaoye Qu , Wei Wei , Yu Cheng

Fueled by their remarkable ability to tackle diverse tasks across multiple domains, large language models (LLMs) have grown at an unprecedented rate, with some recent models containing trillions of parameters. This growth is accompanied by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Athanasios Glentis , Jiaxiang Li , Qiulin Shang , Andi Han , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Quan Wei , Mingyi Hong

Fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained models is inherently a resource-intensive task. While it can enhance the capabilities of the model, it also incurs substantial computational costs, posing challenges to the practical application of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-27 Yulong Mao , Kaiyu Huang , Changhao Guan , Ganglin Bao , Fengran Mo , Jinan Xu

Automated test case generation from natural language requirements remains a challenging problem in software engineering due to the ambiguity of requirements and the need to produce structured, executable test artifacts. Recent advances in…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Milad Moradi , Ke Yan , David Colwell , Rhona Asgari

Existing research has shown that large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable performance in language understanding and generation. However, when LLMs are continuously fine-tuned on complex and diverse domain-specific downstream tasks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-01 Weijieying Ren , Xinlong Li , Lei Wang , Tianxiang Zhao , Wei Qin

Adapting models pre-trained on large-scale datasets to a variety of downstream tasks is a common strategy in deep learning. Consequently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods have emerged as a promising way to adapt pre-trained models to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-01 Ahmed Agiza , Marina Neseem , Sherief Reda

Low-rank Adaptation (LoRA) has demonstrated remarkable capabilities for task specific fine-tuning. However, in scenarios that involve multiple tasks, training a separate LoRA model for each one results in considerable inefficiency in terms…

Supervised fine-tuning is the most common method to adapt large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks, but full fine-tuning LLMs requires massive computational resources. Recently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Xiangdi Meng , Damai Dai , Weiyao Luo , Zhe Yang , Shaoxiang Wu , Xiaochen Wang , Peiyi Wang , Qingxiu Dong , Liang Chen , Zhifang Sui

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) based on low-rank adaptation (LoRA) enables mobile devices with multi-task datasets to collaboratively fine-tune a large language model (LLM) by exchanging locally updated parameters with a subset of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-25 Nuocheng Yang , Sihua Wang , Ouwen Huan , Mingzhe Chen , Tony Q. S. Quek , Changchuan Yin

Low-rank Adaption (LoRA) has been the de-facto parameter-efficient fine-tuning technique for large language models. We present HeteroLoRA, a light-weight search algorithm that leverages zero-cost proxies to allocate the limited LoRA…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-24 Zixi Zhang , Cheng Zhang , Xitong Gao , Robert D. Mullins , George A. Constantinides , Yiren Zhao