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Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown promise in earth observation (EO), yet they struggle with tasks that require grounding complex spatial reasoning in precise pixel-level visual representations. To address this problem, we introduce…

Existing vision-language understanding benchmarks largely consist of images of objects in their usual contexts. As a consequence, recent multimodal large language models can perform well with only a shallow visual understanding by relying…

A navigable agent needs to understand both high-level semantic instructions and precise spatial perceptions. Building navigation agents centered on Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrates a promising solution due to their…

The potential of Large Language Model (LLM) as agents has been widely acknowledged recently. Thus, there is an urgent need to quantitatively \textit{evaluate LLMs as agents} on challenging tasks in interactive environments. We present…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently shown promising progress in geospatial reasoning. However, existing remote sensing benchmarks remain largely 2D-centric, evaluating models primarily on optical appearance. In natural…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance across various tasks such as image captioning and visual question answer(VQA); however, they often struggle to accurately interpret depth information inherent in…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant progress in integrating visual and linguistic understanding. Existing benchmarks typically focus on high-level semantic capabilities, such as scene understanding and visual…

We present Saliency Benchmark (SalBench), a novel benchmark designed to assess the capability of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLM) in detecting visually salient features that are readily apparent to humans, such as a large circle amidst a…

Understanding perspective is fundamental to human visual perception, yet the extent to which multimodal large language models (MLLMs) internalize perspective geometry remains unclear. We introduce MMPerspective, the first benchmark…

Large language models (LLMs) are deployed on increasingly complex tasks that require multi-step decision-making. Understanding their algorithmic reasoning abilities is therefore crucial. However, we lack a diagnostic benchmark for…

Can Vision-Language Models (VLMs) imagine the full scene from just a few views, like humans do? Humans form spatial mental models naturally, internal representations of unseen space, to reason about layout, perspective, and motion. Our…

Although large visual-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in multimodal tasks, errors may occasionally arise due to biases during the reasoning process. Recently, reward models (RMs) have become increasingly pivotal…

Graph-structured combinatorial challenges are inherently difficult due to their nonlinear and intricate nature, often rendering traditional computational methods ineffective or expensive. However, these challenges can be more naturally…

Vision language models (VLMs) are designed to extract relevant visuospatial information from images. Some research suggests that VLMs can exhibit humanlike scene understanding, while other investigations reveal difficulties in their ability…

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made significant advancements in event-based vision, yet the comprehensive evaluation of their capabilities within a unified benchmark remains largely unexplored. In this work, we introduce…

Geolocation, the task of identifying the geographic location of an image, requires abundant world knowledge and complex reasoning abilities. Though advanced large multimodal models (LMMs) have shown superior aforementioned capabilities,…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant strides in natural images and satellite remote sensing images. However, understanding low-altitude drone scenarios remains a challenge. Existing datasets primarily focus on a…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown great promise in generating structured diagrams from natural language descriptions, particularly Mermaid sequence diagrams for software engineering. However, the lack of existing benchmarks to assess…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly applied in real-world scenarios where user-provided images are often imperfect, requiring active image manipulations such as cropping, editing, or enhancement to uncover salient…

Understanding how effectively large vision language models (VLMs) compare visual inputs is crucial across numerous applications, yet this fundamental capability remains insufficiently assessed. While VLMs are increasingly deployed for tasks…