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Autonomous agents powered by large language models introduce a class of execution-layer vulnerabilities -- prompt injection, retrieval poisoning, and uncontrolled tool invocation -- that existing guardrails fail to address systematically.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Yuxu Ge

This paper proposes an intent-aware multi-agent planning framework as well as a learning algorithm. Under this framework, an agent plans in the goal space to maximize the expected utility. The planning process takes the belief of other…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-03-07 Siyuan Qi , Song-Chun Zhu

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), prompt injection attacks have emerged as a significant security threat. Existing defense mechanisms often face critical trade-offs between effectiveness and generalizability.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Yi Ji , Runzhi Li , Baolei Mao

Since the official release of ChatGPT in 2022, large language models (LLMs) have rapidly evolved from chatbot-style interfaces into agentic systems that can delegate work through tools and newly spawned subagents. While these capabilities…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Ziwen Cai , Yihe Zhang , Xiali Hei

AI agent development relies heavily on natural language prompting to define agents' tasks, knowledge, and goals. These prompts are interpreted by Large Language Models (LLMs), which govern agent behavior. Consequently, agentic performance…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Roi Ben-Gigi , Yuval David , Fabiana Fournier , Lior Limonad , Dany Moshkovich , Hadar Mulian , Segev Shlomov

As AI agents automate critical workloads, they remain vulnerable to indirect prompt injection (IPI) attacks. Current defenses rely on monitoring protocols that jointly evaluate an agent's Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and tool-use actions to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-26 Jafar Isbarov , Murat Kantarcioglu

When large language model (LLM) systems interact with external data to perform complex tasks, a new attack, namely prompt injection, becomes a significant threat. By injecting instructions into the data accessed by the system, the attacker…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Sizhe Chen , Yizhu Wang , Nicholas Carlini , Chawin Sitawarin , David Wagner

Modern language models have enabled the development of agentic systems that achieve strong performance on reasoning-intensive tasks. Unfortunately, this has come with a security cost; these systems are vulnerable to prompt injection, a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Dennis Jacob , Emad Alghamdi , Zhanhao Hu , Basel Alomair , David Wagner

Prompt injection attacks manipulate large language models (LLMs) by misleading them to deviate from the original input instructions and execute maliciously injected instructions, because of their instruction-following capabilities and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yulin Chen , Haoran Li , Yuan Sui , Yufei He , Yue Liu , Yangqiu Song , Bryan Hooi

Multi-component natural language processing (NLP) pipelines are increasingly deployed for high-stakes decisions, yet no existing adversarial method can test their robustness under realistic conditions: binary-only feedback, no gradient…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Mazal Bethany , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Nishant Vishwamitra , Peyman Najafirad

In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence, ChatGPT has been widely used in various applications. The new feature - customization of ChatGPT models by users to cater to specific needs has opened new frontiers in AI…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Jiahao Yu , Yuhang Wu , Dong Shu , Mingyu Jin , Sabrina Yang , Xinyu Xing

Indirect prompt injection attacks (IPIAs), where large language models (LLMs) follow malicious instructions hidden in input data, pose a critical threat to LLM-powered agents. In this paper, we present IntentGuard, a general defense…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Mintong Kang , Chong Xiang , Sanjay Kariyappa , Chaowei Xiao , Bo Li , Edward Suh

Multi-agent systems achieve state-of-the-art outcomes through peer collaboration. However, when an agent in the pipeline silently drops a constraint, the system's final output may look correct even though the reasoning chain was quietly…

Since the number of elderly and patients who are in hospitals and healthcare centers are growing, providing efficient remote healthcare services seems very important. Currently, most such systems benefit from the distribution and autonomy…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-04-15 Mohammadreza Begli , Farnaz Derakhshan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) integrate vision and text to power applications, but this integration introduces new vulnerabilities. We study Image-based Prompt Injection (IPI), a black-box attack in which adversarial instructions…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Neha Nagaraja , Lan Zhang , Zhilong Wang , Bo Zhang , Pawan Patil

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across a range of NLP tasks. However, their strong instruction-following capabilities and inability to distinguish instructions from data content make them vulnerable to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yulin Chen , Haoran Li , Yuexin Li , Yue Liu , Yangqiu Song , Bryan Hooi

Despite their potential, recent research has demonstrated that LLM agents are vulnerable to prompt injection attacks, where malicious prompts are injected into the agent's input, causing it to perform an attacker-specified task rather than…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are changing the way people interact with technology. Tools like ChatGPT and Claude AI are now common in business, research, and everyday life. But with that growth comes new risks, especially prompt-based…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Austin Howard

The growing deployment of large language model (LLM) based agents that interact with external environments has created new attack surfaces for adversarial manipulation. One major threat is indirect prompt injection, where attackers embed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Hwan Chang , Yonghyun Jun , Hwanhee Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, enabling their widespread adoption across various domains. However, their susceptibility to prompt injection attacks…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Jinsheng Pan , Xiaogeng Liu , Chaowei Xiao