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Background and objective: Medical image segmentation is a core task in various clinical applications. However, acquiring large-scale, fully annotated medical image datasets is both time-consuming and costly. Scribble annotations, as a form…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-04 Peilin Zhang , Shaouxan Wua , Jun Feng , Zhuo Jin , Zhizezhang Gao , Jingkun Chen , Yaqiong Xing , Xiao Zhang

Vision Transformers (ViT) have shown their competitive advantages performance-wise compared to convolutional neural networks (CNNs) though they often come with high computational costs. To this end, previous methods explore different…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-03-27 Cong Wei , Brendan Duke , Ruowei Jiang , Parham Aarabi , Graham W. Taylor , Florian Shkurti

A new line of research for feature selection based on neural networks has recently emerged. Despite its superiority to classical methods, it requires many training iterations to converge and detect informative features. The computational…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-29 Ghada Sokar , Zahra Atashgahi , Mykola Pechenizkiy , Decebal Constantin Mocanu

Despite the prevalence of images and texts in machine learning, tabular data remains widely used across various domains. Existing deep learning models, such as convolutional neural networks and transformers, perform well however demand…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-26 Md Atik Ahamed , Qiang Cheng

Long-term memory is a cornerstone of human intelligence. Enabling AI to process lifetime-scale information remains a long-standing pursuit in the field. Due to the constraints of full-attention architectures, the effective context length of…

Although deep convolutional networks have been widely studied for head and neck (HN) organs at risk (OAR) segmentation, their use for routine clinical treatment planning is limited by a lack of robustness to imaging artifacts, low soft…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-03-01 Harini Veeraraghavan , Jue Jiang , Sharif Elguindi , Sean L. Berry , Ifeanyirochukwu Onochie , Aditya Apte , Laura Cervino , Joseph O. Deasy

Tabular foundation models (TFMs) such as TabPFN (Tabular Prior-Data Fitted Network) are designed to generalize across heterogeneous tabular datasets through in-context learning (ICL). They perform prediction in a single forward pass…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 James Hu , Mahdi Ghelichi

This research addresses the challenge of limited data in tabular data classification, particularly prevalent in domains with constraints like healthcare. We propose Tab2Visual, a novel approach that transforms heterogeneous tabular data…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Ahmed Mamdouh , Moumen El-Melegy , Samia Ali , Ron Kikinis

Accommodating long sequences efficiently in autoregressive Transformers, especially within an extended context window, poses significant challenges due to the quadratic computational complexity and substantial KV memory requirements…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Chao Lou , Zixia Jia , Zilong Zheng , Kewei Tu

Long-context agentic workflows have emerged as a defining use case for large language models, making attention efficiency critical for both inference speed and serving cost. Sparse attention addresses this challenge effectively, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Yushi Bai , Qian Dong , Ting Jiang , Xin Lv , Zhengxiao Du , Aohan Zeng , Jie Tang , Juanzi Li

Efficient long-context understanding and reasoning are increasingly vital for large language model (LLM) applications such as multi-turn dialogue and program analysis. However, the core self-attention mechanism scales quadratically with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-17 Siran Liu , Zane Cao , Yongchao He

Tabular data is prevalent in many critical domains, yet it is often challenging to acquire in large quantities. This scarcity usually results in poor performance of machine learning models on such data. Data augmentation, a common strategy…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-30 Andrei Margeloiu , Adrián Bazaga , Nikola Simidjievski , Pietro Liò , Mateja Jamnik

This work presents a novel approach to tabular data prediction leveraging graph structure learning and graph neural networks. Despite the prevalence of tabular data in real-world applications, traditional deep learning methods often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-26 Jay Chiehen Liao , Cheng-Te Li

Deep neural networks have emerged as powerful tools for learning operators defined over infinite-dimensional function spaces. However, existing theories frequently encounter difficulties related to dimensionality and limited…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Jianfei Li , Shuo Huang , Han Feng , Ding-Xuan Zhou , Gitta Kutyniok

Video diffusion Transformer (DiT) models excel in generative quality but hit major computational bottlenecks when producing high-resolution, long-duration videos. The quadratic complexity of full attention leads to prohibitively high…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Chenlu Zhan , Wen Li , Chuyu Shen , Jun Zhang , Suhui Wu , Hao Zhang

DeepSeek Sparse Attention (DSA) sets the state of the art for fine-grained inference-time sparse attention by introducing a learned token-wise indexer that scores every prefix token and selects the most relevant ones for the main attention.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Ruijie Zhou , Fanxu Meng , Yufei Xu , Tongxuan Liu , Guangming Lu , Muhan Zhang , Wenjie Pei

The analysis of tabular data has traditionally been dominated by gradient-boosted decision trees (GBDTs), known for their proficiency with mixed categorical and numerical features. However, recent deep learning innovations are challenging…

In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with channel-wise feature refining mechanisms have brought noticeable benefits to modelling channel dependencies. However, current attention paradigms fail to infer an optimal channel…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-14 Nick Nikzad , Yongsheng Gao , Jun Zhou

Transformers are considered one of the most important deep learning models since 2018, in part because it establishes state-of-the-art (SOTA) records and could potentially replace existing Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Despite the remarkable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-08-23 Hongwu Peng , Shaoyi Huang , Shiyang Chen , Bingbing Li , Tong Geng , Ang Li , Weiwen Jiang , Wujie Wen , Jinbo Bi , Hang Liu , Caiwen Ding

Programming-based Pre-trained Language Models (PPLMs) such as CodeBERT have achieved great success in many downstream code-related tasks. Since the memory and computational complexity of self-attention in the Transformer grow quadratically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-30 Tingting Liu , Chengyu Wang , Cen Chen , Ming Gao , Aoying Zhou