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Multi-task learning (MTL) for dense prediction has shown promising results but still faces challenges in balancing shared representations with task-specific specialization. In this paper, we introduce a novel Fine-Grained Mixture of Experts…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Yangyang Xu , Xi Ye , Duo Su

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models scale large language models efficiently by sparsely activating experts, but once an expert is selected, it is executed fully. Hence, the trade-off between accuracy and computation in an MoE model typically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Nurbek Tastan , Stefanos Laskaridis , Karthik Nandakumar , Samuel Horvath

While modern internet services, such as chatbots, search engines, and online advertising, demand the use of large-scale deep neural networks (DNNs), distributed training and inference over heterogeneous computing systems are desired to…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Dianhai Yu , Liang Shen , Hongxiang Hao , Weibao Gong , Huachao Wu , Jiang Bian , Lirong Dai , Haoyi Xiong

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods, such as LoRA, reduces the number of trainable parameters. However, they often suffer from scalability issues and differences between their learning pattern and full fine-tuning. To overcome these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Hamid Nasiri , Peter Garraghan

Human education system trains one student by multiple experts. Mixture-of-experts (MoE) is a powerful sparse architecture including multiple experts. However, sparse MoE model is easy to overfit, hard to deploy, and not hardware-friendly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-26 Fuzhao Xue , Xiaoxin He , Xiaozhe Ren , Yuxuan Lou , Yang You

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have emerged as a promising direction for scaling vision architectures efficiently. Among them, Soft MoE improves training stability by assigning each token to all experts via continuous dispatch weights.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Chengxi Min , Wei Wang , Yahui Liu , Weixin Ye , Enver Sangineto , Qi Wang , Yao Zhao

Transformer models can face practical limitations due to their high computational requirements. At the same time, such models exhibit significant activation sparsity, which can be leveraged to reduce the inference cost by converting parts…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-13 Filip Szatkowski , Bartosz Wójcik , Mikołaj Piórczyński , Simone Scardapane

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) for language models has been proven effective in augmenting the capacity of models by dynamically routing each input token to a specific subset of experts for processing. Despite the success, most existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-26 Hao Zhao , Zihan Qiu , Huijia Wu , Zili Wang , Zhaofeng He , Jie Fu

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a milestone in aligning large language models with human instructions and adapting them to downstream tasks. In particular, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has gained widespread attention due to its parameter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-05 Jia-Chen Zhang , Yu-Jie Xiong , Xi-He Qiu , Chun-Ming Xia , Fei Dai , Zheng Zhou

Recent efforts on Diffusion Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have primarily focused on developing more sophisticated routing mechanisms. However, we observe that the underlying architectural configuration space remains markedly…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Yahui Liu , Yang Yue , Jingyuan Zhang , Chenxi Sun , Yang Zhou , Wencong Zeng , Ruiming Tang , Guorui Zhou

Parameter-efficient tuning (PEFT) techniques like low-rank adaptation (LoRA) offer training efficiency on Large Language Models, but their impact on model performance remains limited. Recent efforts integrate LoRA and Mixture-of-Experts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-14 Chongyang Gao , Kezhen Chen , Jinmeng Rao , Baochen Sun , Ruibo Liu , Daiyi Peng , Yawen Zhang , Xiaoyuan Guo , Jie Yang , VS Subrahmanian

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models organize knowledge into explicitly routed expert modules, making expert-level representations traceable and analyzable. By analyzing expert activation patterns in MoE large language models (LLMs), we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Chang Liu , Boyu Shi , Xu Yang , Xin Geng

In this work, we undertake the challenge of augmenting the existing generative capabilities of pre-trained text-only large language models (LLMs) with multi-modal generation capability while satisfying two core constraints: C1 preserving…

Pretraining large language models (LLMs) is resource-intensive, often requiring months of training time even with high-end GPU clusters. There are two approaches of mitigating such computational demands: reusing smaller models to train…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Seng Pei Liew , Takuya Kato , Sho Takase

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are crucial for scaling model capacity while controlling inference costs. While integrating MoE into multimodal models like CLIP improves performance, training these models is notoriously challenging and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xinze Wang , Chen Chen , Yinfei Yang , Hong-You Chen , Bowen Zhang , Aditya Pal , Xiangxin Zhu , Xianzhi Du

Mixture of Experts (MoE) LLMs have recently gained attention for their ability to enhance performance by selectively engaging specialized subnetworks or "experts" for each input. However, deploying MoEs on memory-constrained devices remains…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models typically fix the number of activated experts $k$ at both training and inference. However, real-world deployments often face heterogeneous hardware, fluctuating workloads, and diverse quality-latency…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Naibin Gu , Zhenyu Zhang , Yuchen Feng , Yilong Chen , Peng Fu , Zheng Lin , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Weiping Wang , Haifeng Wang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a neural network architecture that adds sparsely activated expert blocks to a base model, increasing the number of parameters without impacting computational costs. However, current distributed deep learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-16 Siddharth Singh , Olatunji Ruwase , Ammar Ahmad Awan , Samyam Rajbhandari , Yuxiong He , Abhinav Bhatele

The sparsely gated mixture of experts (MoE) architecture sends different inputs to different subnetworks, i.e., experts, through trainable routers. MoE reduces the training computation significantly for large models, but its deployment can…

Despite their remarkable achievement, gigantic transformers encounter significant drawbacks, including exorbitant computational and memory footprints during training, as well as severe collapse evidenced by a high degree of parameter…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-03-06 Tianlong Chen , Zhenyu Zhang , Ajay Jaiswal , Shiwei Liu , Zhangyang Wang