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Generating realistic training data for supervised learning remains a significant challenge in artificial intelligence, particularly in domains where large, expert-labeled datasets are scarce or costly to obtain. This is especially true for…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Yakir Yehuda , Kira Radinsky

The label scarcity problem is the main challenge that hinders the wide application of deep learning systems in automatic cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) detection using electrocardiography (ECG). Tuning pre-trained models alleviates this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Rushuang Zhou , Lei Clifton , Zijun Liu , Kannie W. Y. Chan , David A. Clifton , Yuan-Ting Zhang , Yining Dong

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely used tool for assessing cardiac function due to its low cost and accessibility. Emergent research shows that ECGs can help make predictions on key outcomes traditionally derived from more complex…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Yuan Gao , Sangwook Kim , Chris McIntosh

Electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation requires specialized expertise, often involving synthesizing insights from ECG signals with complex clinical queries posed in natural language. The scarcity of labeled ECG data coupled with the diverse…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 Jialu Tang , Tong Xia , Yuan Lu , Cecilia Mascolo , Aaqib Saeed

Real-time cognitive load assessment is essential for adaptive human-computer interaction but remains challenging due to limited labeled data and poor cross-subject generalization. Recent ECG foundation models pre-trained on millions of…

Electrocardiography (ECG) plays a central role in cardiovascular diagnostics, yet existing automated approaches often struggle to generalize across clinical tasks and offer limited support for open-ended reasoning. We present HeartLLM, a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Jinning Yang , Wenjie Sun , Wen Shi

Ultrasound echocardiography is essential for the non-invasive, real-time assessment of cardiac function, but the scarcity of labelled data, driven by privacy restrictions and the complexity of expert annotation, remains a major obstacle for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Zhe Li , Hadrien Reynaud , Johanna P Müller , Bernhard Kainz

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled the development of multimodal medical AI. While models such as MedGemini achieve high accuracy on VQA tasks like USMLE MM, their performance on ECG based tasks remains limited,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Junichiro Takahashi , Masataka Sato , Satoshi Kodeta , Norihiko Takeda

The significant inter-subject variability in electroen-cephalogram (EEG) signals often results in substantial changes to neural network weights as data distributions shift. This variability frequently causes catastrophic forgetting in…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-03-26 Dan Li , Hye-Bin Shin , Kang Yin , Seong-Whan Lee

Classification of human emotions can play an essential role in the design and improvement of human-machine systems. While individual biological signals such as Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Electrodermal Activity (EDA) have been widely used…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-08-06 Anubhav Bhatti , Behnam Behinaein , Dirk Rodenburg , Paul Hungler , Ali Etemad

Electrocardiography (ECG), an electrical measurement which captures cardiac activities, is the gold standard for diagnosing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, ECG is infeasible for continuous cardiac monitoring due to its requirement…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-12-06 Ella Lan

The performances of commonly used electrocardiogram (ECG) diagnosis models have recently improved with the introduction of deep learning (DL). However, the impact of various combinations of multiple DL components and/or the role of data…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-08-02 Jae-Won Choi , Dae-Yong Hong , Chan Jung , Eugene Hwang , Sung-Hyuk Park , Seung-Young Roh

Electrocardiogram (ECG) plays a foundational role in modern cardiovascular care, enabling non-invasive diagnosis of arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, and conduction disorders. While machine learning has achieved expert-level performance in…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-07-22 Deyun Zhang , Xiang Lan , Shijia Geng , Qinghao Zhao , Sumei Fan , Mengling Feng , Shenda Hong

A combination of cloud-based deep learning (DL) algorithms with portable/wearable (P/W) devices has been developed as a smart heath care system to support automatic cardiac arrhythmias (CAs) classification using electrocardiography (ECG).…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-08-22 Tsai-Min Chen , Yuan-Hong Tsai , Huan-Hsin Tseng , Kai-Chun Liu , Jhih-Yu Chen , Chih-Han Huang , Guo-Yuan Li , Chun-Yen Shen , Yu Tsao

The 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) is a quasi-periodic, multi-channel signal with diagnostic content spanning timescales from millisecond waveform morphology to multi-second rhythm dynamics. Existing ECG representation learning relies on…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Lei Xu , Fahad Sohrab , Mehmet Yamac , Merja Heinaniemi , Moncef Gabbouj

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are the most widely used non-invasive tool for cardiac assessment, yet large, well-annotated ECG corpora are scarce due to cost, privacy, and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Xiaoda Wang , Kaiqiao Han , Yuhao Xu , Xiao Luo , Yizhou Sun , Wei Wang , Carl Yang

In the rapidly evolving landscape of modern healthcare, the integration of wearable & portable technology provides a unique opportunity for personalized health monitoring in the community. Devices like the Apple Watch, FitBit, and AliveCor…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Sumukh Vasisht Shankar , Evangelos K Oikonomou , Rohan Khera

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) have shown unique patterns to distinguish between different subjects and present important advantages compared to other biometric traits, such as difficulty to counterfeit, liveness detection, and ubiquity. Also,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-15 Pietro Melzi , Ruben Tolosana , Ruben Vera-Rodriguez

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a key diagnostic tool in cardiovascular health. Single-lead ECG recording is integrated into both clinical-grade and consumer wearables. While self-supervised pretraining of foundation models on unlabeled ECGs…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-03 Yuxuan Shu , Peter H. Charlton , Fahim Kawsar , Jussi Hernesniemi , Mohammad Malekzadeh

An electrocardiogram (ECG) captures the heart's electrical signal to assess various heart conditions. In practice, ECG data is stored as either digitized signals or printed images. Despite the emergence of numerous deep learning models for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-07 Ju-Hyeon Nam , Seo-Hyung Park , Su Jung Kim , Sang-Chul Lee