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Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks. Techniques like instruction tuning have effectively enhanced the proficiency of LLMs in the downstream task of machine…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Yutong Wang , Jiali Zeng , Xuebo Liu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Min Zhang

The alignments of reasoning abilities between smaller and larger Language Models are largely conducted via Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) using demonstrations generated from robust Large Language Models (LLMs). Although these approaches…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Leonardo Ranaldi , Andrè Freitas

Distillation has shown remarkable success in transferring knowledge from a Large Language Model (LLM) teacher to a student LLM. However, current distillation methods require similar tokenizers between the teacher and the student,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Benjamin Minixhofer , Ivan Vulić , Edoardo Maria Ponti

Since the advent of reasoning-based large language models, many have found great success from distilling reasoning capabilities into student models. Such techniques have significantly bridged the gap between reasoning and standard LLMs on…

Can a large language model (LLM) improve at code generation using only its own raw outputs, without a verifier, a teacher model, or reinforcement learning? We answer in the affirmative with simple self-distillation (SSD): sample solutions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Ruixiang Zhang , Richard He Bai , Huangjie Zheng , Navdeep Jaitly , Ronan Collobert , Yizhe Zhang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) are the two dominant paradigms for enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) performance on downstream tasks. While RL generally preserves broader model capabilities (retention) better…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Rana Muhammad Shahroz Khan , Zijie Liu , Zhen Tan , Charles Fleming , Tianlong Chen

Aligning small language models (SLMs) with human values typically involves distilling preference knowledge from large language models (LLMs). However, existing distillation methods model preference knowledge in teacher LLMs by comparing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-21 Yanggan Gu , Junzhuo Li , Sirui Huang , Xin Zou , Zhenghua Li , Xuming Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are highly accurate in classification tasks, however, substantial computational and financial costs hinder their large-scale deployment in dynamic environments. Knowledge Distillation (KD) where a LLM "teacher"…

Conventionally, supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is treated as a simple imitation learning process that only trains a policy to imitate expert behavior on demonstration datasets. In this work, we challenge this view by establishing a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Jiangnan Li , Thuy-Trang Vu , Ehsan Abbasnejad , Gholamreza Haffari

Previous study suggest that powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) only refines reasoning path without improving the reasoning capacity in math tasks while…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Ran Li , Shimin Di , Yuchen Liu , Chen Jing , Yu Qiu , Lei Chen

Distilling robust reasoning capabilities from large language models (LLMs) into smaller, computationally efficient student models remains an unresolved challenge. Despite recent advances, distilled models frequently suffer from superficial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Zhen Tan , Chengshuai Zhao , Song Wang , Jundong Li , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu

Recently, multi-modal content generation has attracted lots of attention from researchers by investigating the utilization of visual instruction tuning based on large language models (LLMs). To enhance the performance and generalization…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-11-15 Xinwei Li , Li Lin , Shuai Wang , Chen Qian

State-of-the-art frameworks in self-supervised learning have recently shown that fully utilizing transformer-based models can lead to performance boost compared to conventional CNN models. Striving to maximize the mutual information of two…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-29 Jiho Jang , Seonhoon Kim , Kiyoon Yoo , Chaerin Kong , Jangho Kim , Nojun Kwak

Generating high-quality code remains a challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). For the evolution of reasoning models on this task, reward models are a necessary intermediate step. These models judge outcomes or intermediate steps.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-11 Jan Niklas Groeneveld , Xi Qin , Alexander Schaefer , Yaad Oren

Existing methods for distillation do not efficiently utilize the training data. This work presents a novel approach to perform distillation using only a subset of the training data, making it more data-efficient. For this purpose, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-26 Sourav Mishra , Suresh Sundaram

On-policy self-distillation has emerged as a promising paradigm for post-training language models, in which the model conditions on environment feedback to serve as its own teacher, providing dense token-level rewards without external…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Guobin Shen , Lei Huang , Xiang Cheng , Chenxiao Zhao , Jindong Li , Dongcheng Zhao , Xing Yu

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has been credited as the key advance that has allowed Large Language Models (LLMs) to effectively follow instructions and produce useful assistance. Classically, this involves generating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-02 Alex J. Chan , Hao Sun , Samuel Holt , Mihaela van der Schaar

Reinforcement learning (RL) can be used to improve the policy (denoiser) of diffusion large language models (dLLMs), while being hindered by the intractability of the policy likelihood. A dominant and efficient family of methods replaces…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Xiaohang Tang , Keyue Jiang , Che Liu , Qifang Zhao , Xiaoxiao Xu , Sangwoong Yoon , Ilija Bogunovic

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in reasoning tasks through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting. However, CoT prompting greatly increases computational demands, which has prompted growing interest in distilling CoT capabilities into Small…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-28 Xinghao Chen , Zhijing Sun , Wenjin Guo , Miaoran Zhang , Yanjun Chen , Yirong Sun , Hui Su , Yijie Pan , Dietrich Klakow , Wenjie Li , Xiaoyu Shen

Knowledge distillation is a key technique for transferring the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) into smaller, more efficient student models. Existing distillation approaches often overlook two critical factors: the learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Jincheng Cao , Fanzhi Zeng , Leqi Liu , Aryan Mokhtari