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This thesis develops theoretical frameworks and algorithms that advance constrained reinforcement learning (RL) across control, preference learning, and alignment of large language models. The first contribution addresses constrained Markov…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-12 Akhil Agnihotri

Large Language Models (LLMs) can become outdated over time as they may lack updated world knowledge, leading to factual knowledge errors and gaps. Knowledge Editing (KE) aims to overcome this challenge using weight updates that do not…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-25 Amit Rozner , Barak Battash , Lior Wolf , Ofir Lindenbaum

The alignment of language models~(LMs) with human preferences is critical for building reliable AI systems. The problem is typically framed as optimizing an LM policy to maximize the expected reward that reflects human preferences.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Zetian Sun , Dongfang Li , Xuhui Chen , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains, motivating researchers to investigate their potential use in recommendation systems. However, directly applying LLMs to recommendation tasks has…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Zhuoxi Bai , Ning Wu , Fengyu Cai , Xinyi Zhu , Yun Xiong

While large-scale unsupervised language models (LMs) learn broad world knowledge and some reasoning skills, achieving precise control of their behavior is difficult due to the completely unsupervised nature of their training. Existing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-31 Rafael Rafailov , Archit Sharma , Eric Mitchell , Stefano Ermon , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

Direct preference optimization (DPO) has emerged as a promising approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, the widespread reliance on the response-level Bradley-Terry (BT) model may limit its full…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-11 Masanari Oi , Mahiro Ukai , Masahiro Kaneko , Naoaki Okazaki , Nakamasa Inoue

Efficient preference optimization algorithms such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have become a popular approach in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. These algorithms implicitly treat the LLM as a reward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-29 Tong Liu , Xiao Yu , Wenxuan Zhou , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Aligning large language models (LLM) with human preference plays a key role in building modern generative models and can be achieved by reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). Despite their superior performance, current RLHF…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Kaixuan Ji , Jiafan He , Quanquan Gu

The prevalent deployment of learning from human preferences through reinforcement learning (RLHF) relies on two important approximations: the first assumes that pairwise preferences can be substituted with pointwise rewards. The second…

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences has gained significant attention, with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) as a standard yet computationally expensive method and Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) as a more…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-10 Yuzi Yan , Yibo Miao , Jialian Li , Yipin Zhang , Jian Xie , Zhijie Deng , Dong Yan

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is commonly done via reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) with Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) or, more simply, via Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). While DPO…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Abdulhady Abas Abdullah , Fatemeh Daneshfar , Seyedali Mirjalili , Mourad Oussalah

Many algorithms for aligning LLMs with human preferences assume that human preferences are binary and deterministic. However, human preferences can vary across individuals, and therefore should be represented distributionally. In this work,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Hiroki Furuta , Kuang-Huei Lee , Shixiang Shane Gu , Yutaka Matsuo , Aleksandra Faust , Heiga Zen , Izzeddin Gur

Preference Optimization (PO), is gaining popularity as an alternative choice of Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs). Recent research on aligning LLMs iteratively with synthetic or partially synthetic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-16 Yaojie Shen , Xinyao Wang , Yulei Niu , Ying Zhou , Lexin Tang , Libo Zhang , Fan Chen , Longyin Wen

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has emerged as a cornerstone of reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) due to its simplicity and efficiency. However, existing DPO-based methods typically treat all preference pairs equally,…

Traditional RLHF-based LLM alignment methods explicitly maximize the expected rewards from a separate reward model. More recent supervised alignment methods like Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) circumvent this phase to avoid problems…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Abhijnan Nath , Changsoo Jung , Ethan Seefried , Nikhil Krishnaswamy

Theorem proving serves as a major testbed for evaluating complex reasoning abilities in large language models (LLMs). However, traditional automated theorem proving (ATP) approaches rely heavily on formal proof systems that poorly align…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in handling complex reasoning tasks through step-by-step rationale generation. However, recent studies have raised concerns regarding the hallucination and flaws in their…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-16 Fangkai Jiao , Chengwei Qin , Zhengyuan Liu , Nancy F. Chen , Shafiq Joty

Mathematical reasoning is a crucial capability for Large Language Models (LLMs), yet generating detailed and accurate reasoning traces remains a significant challenge. This paper introduces a novel approach to produce high-quality reasoning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Yihe Deng , Paul Mineiro

For aligning large language models (LLMs), prior work has leveraged reinforcement learning via human feedback (RLHF) or variations of direct preference optimization (DPO). While DPO offers a simpler framework based on maximum likelihood…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Anirudhan Badrinath , Prabhat Agarwal , Jiajing Xu

Theorem proving is a fundamental task in mathematics. With the advent of large language models (LLMs) and interactive theorem provers (ITPs) like Lean, there has been growing interest in integrating LLMs and ITPs to automate theorem…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-16 Rahul Vishwakarma , Subhankar Mishra