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Recent advances in preference optimization have demonstrated significant potential for improving mathematical reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs). While current approaches leverage high-quality pairwise preference data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Yunqiao Yang , Houxing Ren , Zimu Lu , Ke Wang , Weikang Shi , Aojun Zhou , Junting Pan , Mingjie Zhan , Hongsheng Li

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited significant capabilities in addressing challenging problems throughout various fields, often through the use of agentic workflows that adhere to structured instructions and multi-step procedures.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yitong Cui , Liu Liu , Baosheng Yu , Jiayan Qiu , Xikai Zhang , Likang Xiao , Yixing Liu , Quan Chen

At the forefront of state-of-the-art human alignment methods are preference optimization methods (*PO). Prior research has often concentrated on identifying the best-performing method, typically involving a grid search over hyperparameters,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-30 Kian Ahrabian , Xihui Lin , Barun Patra , Vishrav Chaudhary , Alon Benhaim , Jay Pujara , Xia Song

Direct alignment methods are increasingly used for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. However, these methods suffer from the issues of verbosity and likelihood displacement, which can be driven by the noisy…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Peter Chen , Xi Chen , Wotao Yin , Tianyi Lin

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable progress, current preference optimization methods still struggle to align directional consistency while preserving reasoning diversity. To address this limitation, we propose…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Mengyi Deng , Zhiwei Li , Xin Li , Tingyu Zhu , Yulan Yuan , Zhijiang Guo , Wei Wang

Preference tuning relies on high-quality human preference data, which is often expensive and time-consuming to gather. In this paper, we introduce Dr.SoW (Density Ratio of Strong over Weak) a cost-effective method that eliminates the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Guangxuan Xu , Kai Xu , Shivchander Sudalairaj , Hao Wang , Akash Srivastava

Self-play preference optimization has emerged as a prominent paradigm for aligning large language models (LLMs). It typically involves a language model to generate on-policy responses for prompts and a reward model (RM) to guide the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yao Xiao , Jung-jae Kim , Roy Ka-wei Lee , Lidong Bing

Aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intent is critical for enhancing their performance across a variety of tasks. Standard alignment techniques, such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO), often rely on the binary…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Yuxiang Guo , Lu Yin , Bo Jiang , Jiaqi Zhang

Despite their sophisticated general-purpose capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) often fail to align with diverse individual preferences because standard post-training methods, like Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF),…

Preference optimization has made significant progress recently, with numerous methods developed to align language models with human preferences. This paper introduces $f$-divergence Preference Optimization ($f$-PO), a novel framework that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Jiaqi Han , Mingjian Jiang , Yuxuan Song , Stefano Ermon , Minkai Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented generative capabilities, yet their alignment with human values remains critical for ensuring helpful and harmless deployments. While Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback…

As the era of large language models (LLMs) unfolds, Preference Optimization (PO) methods have become a central approach to aligning LLMs with human preferences and improving performance. We propose Maximum a Posteriori Preference…

The rapid development of large language model (LLM) alignment algorithms has resulted in a complex and fragmented landscape, with limited clarity on the effectiveness of different methods and their inter-connections. This paper introduces…

Lead optimization in drug discovery requires efficiently navigating vast chemical space through iterative cycles to enhance molecular properties while preserving structural similarity to the original lead compound. Despite recent advances,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Ziqing Wang , Yibo Wen , William Pattie , Xiao Luo , Weimin Wu , Jerry Yao-Chieh Hu , Abhishek Pandey , Han Liu , Kaize Ding

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has been highly successful in aligning large language models with human preferences. While prevalent methods like DPO have demonstrated strong performance, they frame interactions with the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Yongtao Wu , Luca Viano , Yihang Chen , Zhenyu Zhu , Kimon Antonakopoulos , Quanquan Gu , Volkan Cevher

Alignment in artificial intelligence pursues the consistency between model responses and human preferences as well as values. In practice, the multifaceted nature of human preferences inadvertently introduces what is known as the "alignment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Yiju Guo , Ganqu Cui , Lifan Yuan , Ning Ding , Zexu Sun , Bowen Sun , Huimin Chen , Ruobing Xie , Jie Zhou , Yankai Lin , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Recent alignment methods based on Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) reformulate preference learning as supervised optimization over pairwise comparisons, offering improved efficiency and stability over reinforcement learning from human…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Yuhui Sun , Xiyao Wang , Zixi Li , YiTian Ding , Tianyang Ling , Jialuo Chen , Tianyi Yu , Zhenlong Yuan , Jinman Zhao

Preference optimization is widely used to align Large Language Models (LLMs) with preference feedback. However, most existing methods train on a single positive-negative pair per prompt, discarding additional supervision available in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Jixuan Leng , Si Si , Hsiang-Fu Yu , Vinod Raman , Inderjit S. Dhillon

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, balancing helpfulness and safety has become a central challenge. A natural approach is to incorporate safety constraints into Reinforcement Learning from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Geon-Hyeong Kim , Yu Jin Kim , Byoungjip Kim , Honglak Lee , Kyunghoon Bae , Youngsoo Jang , Moontae Lee

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) aligns Large Language Models with human preferences without the need for a separate reward model. However, DPO treats all tokens in responses equally, neglecting the differing importance of individual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Chengyu Huang , Zhuohang Li , Sheng-Yen Chou , Claire Cardie