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Developing effective instruction-following policies in reinforcement learning remains challenging due to the reliance on extensive human-labeled instruction datasets and the difficulty of learning from sparse rewards. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Zhicheng Zhang , Ziyan Wang , Yali Du , Fei Fang

Instruction following is one of the fundamental capabilities of large language models (LLMs). As the ability of LLMs is constantly improving, they have been increasingly applied to deal with complex human instructions in real-world…

Despite the great advance of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in both instruction dataset building and benchmarking, the independence of training and evaluation makes current MLLMs hard to further improve their capability under the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-12 Zhiyuan Zhao , Linke Ouyang , Bin Wang , Siyuan Huang , Pan Zhang , Xiaoyi Dong , Jiaqi Wang , Conghui He

Recent large language models (LLM) are leveraging human feedback to improve their generation quality. However, human feedback is costly to obtain, especially during inference. In this work, we propose LLMRefine, an inference time…

Formal verification via theorem proving enables the expressive specification and rigorous proof of software correctness, but it is difficult to scale due to the significant manual effort and expertise required. While Large Language Models…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Minghai Lu , Zhe Zhou , Danning Xie , Songlin Jia , Benjamin Delaware , Tianyi Zhang

Instruction fine-tuning (IFT) elicits instruction following capabilities and steers the behavior of large language models (LLMs) via supervised learning. However, existing models trained on open-source IFT datasets only have the ability to…

Instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable performance across various benchmark tasks. While providing instructions to LLMs for guiding their generations is user-friendly, assessing their instruction-following…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Rem Hida , Junki Ohmura , Toshiyuki Sekiya

Large language models (LLMs) can perform a wide range of tasks by following natural language instructions, without the necessity of task-specific fine-tuning. Unfortunately, the performance of LLMs is greatly influenced by the quality of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Zhihan Zhang , Shuohang Wang , Wenhao Yu , Yichong Xu , Dan Iter , Qingkai Zeng , Yang Liu , Chenguang Zhu , Meng Jiang

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to precisely follow complex and fine-grained lexical instructions is a cornerstone of their utility and controllability. However, evaluating this capability remains a significant challenge.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Huimin Ren , Yan Liang , Baiqiao Su , Chaobo Sun , Hengtong Lu , Kaike Zhang , Chen Wei

Effective text generation and chat interfaces for low-resource languages (LRLs) remain a challenge for state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) to support. This is mainly due to the difficulty of curating high-quality instruction…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Mamadou K. Keita , Sebastien Diarra , Christopher Homan , Seydou Diallo

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various natural language processing tasks. Despite this, their application to information retrieval (IR) tasks is still challenging due to the infrequent occurrence…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-29 Yutao Zhu , Peitian Zhang , Chenghao Zhang , Yifei Chen , Binyu Xie , Zheng Liu , Ji-Rong Wen , Zhicheng Dou

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song

Instruction following has catalyzed the recent era of Large Language Models (LLMs) and is the foundational skill underpinning more advanced capabilities such as reasoning and agentic behaviors. As tasks grow more challenging, the logic…

Transforming unstructured text into structured data is a complex task, requiring semantic understanding, reasoning, and structural comprehension. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer potential, they often struggle with handling…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Rajmohan C , Sarthak Harne , Arvind Agarwal

Large Language Models (LLMs) have improved programming efficiency, but their performance degrades significantly as requirements scale; when faced with multi-modal documents containing hundreds of scenarios, LLMs often produce incorrect…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Weiyu Kong , Yun Lin , Xiwen Teoh , Duc-Minh Nguyen , Ruofei Ren , Jiaxin Chang , Haoxu Hu , Haoyu Chen

Large language models generate fluent texts and can follow natural language instructions to solve a wide range of tasks without task-specific training. Nevertheless, it is notoriously difficult to control their generation to satisfy the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-09 Wangchunshu Zhou , Yuchen Eleanor Jiang , Ethan Wilcox , Ryan Cotterell , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large language models have demonstrated exceptional capabilities in understanding and generation. However, in real-world scenarios, users' natural language expressions are often inherently fuzzy, ambiguous, and uncertain, leading to…

Large language models exhibit superior capabilities in processing and understanding language, yet their applications in educational contexts remain underexplored. Learnersourcing enhances learning by engaging students in creating their own…

Large language model (LLM)-based search agents have proven promising for addressing knowledge-intensive problems by incorporating information retrieval capabilities. Existing works largely focus on optimizing the reasoning paradigms of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Tongyu Wen , Guanting Dong , Zhicheng Dou

This study demonstrates the application of instruction finetuning of pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) to automate the generation of AI research leaderboards, extracting (Task, Dataset, Metric, Score) quadruples from articles. It aims…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Salomon Kabongo , Jennifer D'Souza