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In this paper, to remedy this deficiency, we propose a Linear Attention Mechanism which is approximate to dot-product attention with much less memory and computational costs. The efficient design makes the incorporation between attention…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-08-21 Rui Li , Jianlin Su , Chenxi Duan , Shunyi Zheng

Transformer is a powerful model for text understanding. However, it is inefficient due to its quadratic complexity to input sequence length. Although there are many methods on Transformer acceleration, they are still either inefficient on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-07 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Multi-head attention layers, as used in the Transformer neural sequence model, are a powerful alternative to RNNs for moving information across and between sequences. While training these layers is generally fast and simple, due to…

神经与进化计算 · 计算机科学 2019-11-07 Noam Shazeer

Transformers achieve remarkable performance in several tasks but due to their quadratic complexity, with respect to the input's length, they are prohibitively slow for very long sequences. To address this limitation, we express the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-09-01 Angelos Katharopoulos , Apoorv Vyas , Nikolaos Pappas , François Fleuret

Transformers are state-of-the-art models for a variety of sequence modeling tasks. At their core is an attention function which models pairwise interactions between the inputs at every timestep. While attention is powerful, it does not…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-03-23 Hao Peng , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith , Lingpeng Kong

Transformers have become the cornerstone of modern large-scale language models, but their reliance on softmax attention poses a computational bottleneck at both training and inference. Recurrent models offer high efficiency, but compressing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xiuying Wei , Anunay Yadav , Razvan Pascanu , Caglar Gulcehre

Recently, large efforts have been made to design efficient linear-complexity visual Transformers. However, current linear attention models are generally unsuitable to be deployed in resource-constrained mobile devices, due to suffering from…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Yuan Zhou , Qingshan Xu , Jiequan Cui , Junbao Zhou , Jing Zhang , Richang Hong , Hanwang Zhang

Transformer-based models have demonstrated remarkable in-context learning capabilities, prompting extensive research into its underlying mechanisms. Recent studies have suggested that Transformers can implement first-order optimization…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-06 Angeliki Giannou , Liu Yang , Tianhao Wang , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Jason D. Lee

Linear attentions have shown potential for improving Transformer efficiency, reducing attention's quadratic complexity to linear in sequence length. This holds exciting promise for (1) training linear Transformers from scratch, (2)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-08 Michael Zhang , Kush Bhatia , Hermann Kumbong , Christopher Ré

While the Transformer architecture dominates many fields, its quadratic self-attention complexity hinders its use in large-scale applications. Linear attention offers an efficient alternative, but its direct application often degrades…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-01-15 Kewei Zhang , Ye Huang , Yufan Deng , Jincheng Yu , Junsong Chen , Huan Ling , Enze Xie , Daquan Zhou

Neural attention has become central to many state-of-the-art models in natural language processing and related domains. Attention networks are an easy-to-train and effective method for softly simulating alignment; however, the approach does…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-11-09 Yuntian Deng , Yoon Kim , Justin Chiu , Demi Guo , Alexander M. Rush

Structured data is widely used in domains such as healthcare, finance, and scientific data management. Recent studies on structured data foundation models (SFMs) aim to support data analysis and mining tasks over such data, but still face…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Zhenghang Song , Tang Qian , Lu Chen , Yushuai Li , Zhengke Hu , Bingbing Fang , Yumeng Song , Junbo Zhao , Sheng Zhang , Tianyi Li

Low-light image enhancement (LLIE) is vital for safety-critical applications such as surveillance, autonomous navigation, and medical imaging, where visibility degradation can impair downstream task performance. Recently, diffusion models…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Eashan Adhikarla , Yixin Liu , Brian D. Davison

While originally designed for unidirectional generative modeling, decoder-only large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adapted for bidirectional modeling. However, unidirectional and bidirectional models are typically trained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Savya Khosla , Aditi Tiwari , Kushal Kafle , Simon Jenni , Handong Zhao , John Collomosse , Jing Shi

We propose Axial Transformers, a self-attention-based autoregressive model for images and other data organized as high dimensional tensors. Existing autoregressive models either suffer from excessively large computational resource…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2019-12-30 Jonathan Ho , Nal Kalchbrenner , Dirk Weissenborn , Tim Salimans

User behavior sequences in modern recommendation systems exhibit significant length heterogeneity, ranging from sparse short-term interactions to rich long-term histories. While longer sequences provide more context, we observe that…

Autoregressive Sequence-To-Sequence models are the foundation of many Deep Learning achievements in major research fields such as Vision and Natural Language Processing. Despite that, they still present significant limitations. For…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Jia Cheng Hu , Roberto Cavicchioli , Alessandro Capotondi

We study how multi-head softmax attention models are trained to perform in-context learning on linear data. Through extensive empirical experiments and rigorous theoretical analysis, we demystify the emergence of elegant attention patterns:…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Jianliang He , Xintian Pan , Siyu Chen , Zhuoran Yang

While the Self-Attention mechanism in the Transformer model has proven to be effective in many domains, we observe that it is less effective in more diverse settings (e.g. multimodality) due to the varying granularity of each token and the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Wayner Barrios , SouYoung Jin

Modern recommendation systems primarily rely on attention mechanisms with quadratic complexity, which limits their ability to handle long user sequences and slows down inference. While linear attention is a promising alternative, existing…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Yufei Ye , Wei Guo , Hao Wang , Luankang Zhang , Heng Chang , Hong Zhu , Yuyang Ye , Yong Liu , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen