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Jailbreak attacks pose a serious threat to the safety of Large Language Models (LLMs) by crafting adversarial prompts that bypass alignment mechanisms, causing the models to produce harmful, restricted, or biased content. In this paper, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-22 Xiangman Li , Xiaodong Wu , Qi Li , Jianbing Ni , Rongxing Lu

Recent explorations with commercial Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown that non-expert users can jailbreak LLMs by simply manipulating their prompts; resulting in degenerate output behavior, privacy and security breaches, offensive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-28 Abhinav Rao , Sachin Vashistha , Atharva Naik , Somak Aditya , Monojit Choudhury

Prompt injection (both direct and indirect) and jailbreaking are now recognized as significant issues for large language models (LLMs), particularly due to their potential for harm in application-integrated contexts. This extended abstract…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Simon Ostermann , Kevin Baum , Christoph Endres , Julia Masloh , Patrick Schramowski

A plethora of jailbreaking attacks have been proposed to obtain harmful responses from safety-tuned LLMs. These methods largely succeed in coercing the target output in their original settings, but their attacks vary substantially in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Valentyn Boreiko , Alexander Panfilov , Vaclav Voracek , Matthias Hein , Jonas Geiping

The safety and robustness of large language models (LLMs) based applications remain critical challenges in artificial intelligence. Among the key threats to these applications are prompt hacking attacks, which can significantly undermine…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Baha Rababah , Shang , Wu , Matthew Kwiatkowski , Carson Leung , Cuneyt Gurcan Akcora

With the widespread real-world deployment of large language models (LLMs), ensuring their behavior complies with safety standards has become crucial. Jailbreak attacks exploit vulnerabilities in LLMs to induce undesirable behavior, posing a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Jiaqi Wu , Chen Chen , Chunyan Hou , Xiaojie Yuan

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have emerged with astonishing capabilities approaching artificial general intelligence. While providing convenience for various societal needs, LLMs have also lowered the cost of generating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-28 Zhenhua Wang , Wei Xie , Kai Chen , Baosheng Wang , Zhiwen Gui , Enze Wang

Large language models (LLMs) are vital for a wide range of applications yet remain susceptible to jailbreak threats, which could lead to the generation of inappropriate responses. Conventional defenses, such as refusal and adversarial…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Xianglin Yang , Gelei Deng , Jieming Shi , Tianwei Zhang , Jin Song Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained considerable popularity and protected by increasingly sophisticated safety mechanisms. However, jailbreak attacks continue to pose a critical security threat by inducing models to generate…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-23 Zehao Liu , Xi Lin

While defenses against single-turn jailbreak attacks on Large Language Models (LLMs) have improved significantly, multi-turn jailbreaks remain a persistent vulnerability, often achieving success rates exceeding 70% against models optimized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Xiaoxue Yang , Jaeha Lee , Anna-Katharina Dick , Jasper Timm , Fei Xie , Diogo Cruz

Large Language Models (LLMs) are susceptible to jailbreak attacks that can induce them to generate harmful content. Previous jailbreak methods primarily exploited the internal properties or capabilities of LLMs, such as optimization-based…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Jiawei Zhao , Kejiang Chen , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in executing complex tasks in a zero-shot manner, they are susceptible to jailbreak attacks and can be manipulated to produce harmful outputs. Recently, a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-07 Zhao Xu , Fan Liu , Hao Liu

Jailbreaking in Large Language Models (LLMs) is a major security concern as it can deceive LLMs to generate harmful text. Yet, there is still insufficient understanding of how jailbreaking works, which makes it hard to develop effective…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Lang Gao , Jiahui Geng , Xiangliang Zhang , Preslav Nakov , Xiuying Chen

Prompt injection attacks are an emerging threat to large language models (LLMs), enabling malicious users to manipulate outputs through carefully designed inputs. Existing detection approaches often require centralizing prompt data,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Hasini Jayathilaka

Despite extensive safety measures, LLMs are vulnerable to adversarial inputs, or jailbreaks, which can elicit unsafe behaviors. In this work, we introduce bijection learning, a powerful attack algorithm which automatically fuzzes LLMs for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Brian R. Y. Huang , Maximilian Li , Leonard Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT-4, are designed to provide useful and safe responses. However, adversarial prompts known as 'jailbreaks' can circumvent safeguards, leading LLMs to generate potentially harmful content.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Peng Ding , Jun Kuang , Dan Ma , Xuezhi Cao , Yunsen Xian , Jiajun Chen , Shujian Huang

Despite recent advances, Large Language Models remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that bypass alignment safeguards and elicit harmful outputs. While prior research has proposed various attack strategies differing in human readability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Havva Alizadeh Noughabi , Julien Serbanescu , Fattane Zarrinkalam , Ali Dehghantanha

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has underscored concerns regarding their security vulnerabilities, notably against jailbreak attacks, where adversaries design jailbreak prompts to circumvent safety mechanisms for potential…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Yingchaojie Feng , Zhizhang Chen , Zhining Kang , Sijia Wang , Haoyu Tian , Wei Zhang , Minfeng Zhu , Wei Chen

Safety alignment mechanism are essential for preventing large language models (LLMs) from generating harmful information or unethical content. However, cleverly crafted prompts can bypass these safety measures without accessing the model's…

Large language models have drawn significant attention to the challenge of safe alignment, especially regarding jailbreak attacks that circumvent security measures to produce harmful content. To address the limitations of existing methods…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Hanqing Liu , Lifeng Zhou , Huanqian Yan