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This tutorial provides an in-depth guide on inference-time guidance and alignment methods for optimizing downstream reward functions in diffusion models. While diffusion models are renowned for their generative modeling capabilities,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Masatoshi Uehara , Yulai Zhao , Chenyu Wang , Xiner Li , Aviv Regev , Sergey Levine , Tommaso Biancalani

A common recipe to improve diffusion models at test-time so that samples score highly against a user-specified reward is to introduce the gradient of the reward into the dynamics of the diffusion itself. This procedure is often ill posed,…

We present Direct Reward Fine-Tuning (DRaFT), a simple and effective method for fine-tuning diffusion models to maximize differentiable reward functions, such as scores from human preference models. We first show that it is possible to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-24 Kevin Clark , Paul Vicol , Kevin Swersky , David J Fleet

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful tools for 3D medical image generation, yet bridging the gap between standard training objectives and clinical relevance remains a challenge. This paper presents a method to enhance 3D diffusion…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Yueying Tian , Xudong Han , Meng Zhou , Rodrigo Aviles-Espinosa , Rupert Young , Philip Birch

Current mainstream methods of aligning diffusion models with human preferences typically employ VLM-based reward models. However, these reward models, pre-trained for semantic alignment, struggle to capture the essential perceptual…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Jaxon Zhang , Binxin Yang , Hubery Yin , Chen Li , Jing Lyu

Diffusion models have been widely studied for removing unsafe content learned during pre-training. Existing methods require expensive supervised data, either unsafe-text paired with safe-image groundtruth or negative/positive image pairs,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Komal Kumar , Ankan Deria , Abhishek Basu , Fahad Shamshad , Hisham Cholakkal , Karthik Nandakumar

Existing text-to-image diffusion models struggle to synthesize realistic images given dense captions, where each text prompt provides a detailed description for a specific image region. To address this, we propose DenseDiffusion, a…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-25 Yunji Kim , Jiyoung Lee , Jin-Hwa Kim , Jung-Woo Ha , Jun-Yan Zhu

Developing scalable and generalizable reward engineering for reinforcement learning (RL) is crucial for creating general-purpose agents, especially in the challenging domain of robotic manipulation. While recent advances in reward…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Yuhui Chen , Haoran Li , Zhennan Jiang , Haowei Wen , Dongbin Zhao

Diffusion models are the go-to method for Text-to-Image generation, but their iterative denoising processes has high inference latency. Quantization reduces compute time by using lower bitwidths, but applies a fixed precision across all…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-17 Basile Lewandowski , Simon Kurz , Aditya Shankar , Robert Birke , Jian-Jia Chen , Lydia Y. Chen

With the continued advancement of text-to-image (T2I) generation, producing high-quality images is becoming increasingly attainable; consequently, user demands are shifting toward images that better satisfy their specific requirements. As…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Jiaying Qian , Ziheng Jia , Qian Zhang , Zicheng Zhang , Jiayi Guo , Junqi Zhang , Guangtao Zhai , Xiongkuo Min

Recent data-driven image colorization methods have enabled automatic or reference-based colorization, while still suffering from unsatisfactory and inaccurate object-level color control. To address these issues, we propose a new method…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-04 Jianxin Lin , Peng Xiao , Yijun Wang , Rongju Zhang , Xiangxiang Zeng

Despite recent progress, reinforcement learning (RL)-based fine-tuning of diffusion models often struggles with generalization, composability, and robustness against reward hacking. Recent studies have explored prompt refinement as a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Suhyeon Lee , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion models (DMs) have recently gained attention with state-of-the-art performance in text-to-image synthesis. Abiding by the tradition in deep learning, DMs are trained and evaluated on the images with fixed sizes. However, users are…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-27 Zhiyu Jin , Xuli Shen , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Current image captioning works usually focus on generating descriptions in an autoregressive manner. However, there are limited works that focus on generating descriptions non-autoregressively, which brings more decoding diversity. Inspired…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-05-23 Yufeng He , Zefan Cai , Xu Gan , Baobao Chang

The remarkable progress in text-to-video diffusion models enables the generation of photorealistic videos, although the content of these generated videos often includes unnatural movement or deformation, reverse playback, and motionless…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Yuta Oshima , Masahiro Suzuki , Yutaka Matsuo , Hiroki Furuta

Textual image generation spans diverse fields like advertising, education, product packaging, social media, information visualization, and branding. Despite recent strides in language-guided image synthesis using diffusion models, current…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-22 Shubham Paliwal , Arushi Jain , Monika Sharma , Vikram Jamwal , Lovekesh Vig

Restoring low-resolution text images presents a significant challenge, as it requires maintaining both the fidelity and stylistic realism of the text in restored images. Existing text image restoration methods often fall short in hard…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Chenglu Pan , Xiaogang Xu , Ganggui Ding , Yunke Zhang , Wenbo Li , Jiarong Xu , Qingbiao Wu

Recent advancements in diffusion models have notably improved the perceptual quality of generated images in text-to-image synthesis tasks. However, diffusion models often struggle to produce images that accurately reflect the intended…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Yang Zhang , Teoh Tze Tzun , Lim Wei Hern , Tiviatis Sim , Kenji Kawaguchi

We present a comprehensive solution to learn and improve text-to-image models from human preference feedback. To begin with, we build ImageReward -- the first general-purpose text-to-image human preference reward model -- to effectively…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-12-29 Jiazheng Xu , Xiao Liu , Yuchen Wu , Yuxuan Tong , Qinkai Li , Ming Ding , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

The class-conditional image generation based on diffusion models is renowned for generating high-quality and diverse images. However, most prior efforts focus on generating images for general categories, e.g., 1000 classes in ImageNet-1k. A…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Ziying Pan , Kun Wang , Gang Li , Feihong He , Yongxuan Lai