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How to reduce compute and memory requirements of neural networks (NNs) without sacrificing performance? Many recent works use sparse Mixtures of Experts (MoEs) to build resource-efficient large language models (LMs). Here we introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-22 Róbert Csordás , Kazuki Irie , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) activates only a subset of experts during inference, allowing the model to maintain low inference FLOPs and latency even as the parameter count scales up. However, since MoE dynamically selects the experts, all the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Kai Han , Yitong Li , Duyu Tang , Zhi-Hong Deng , Yunhe Wang

Nowadays, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been trained using extended context lengths to foster more creative applications. However, long context training poses great challenges considering the constraint of GPU memory. It not only leads…

Scaling depth is a key driver for large language models (LLMs). Yet, as LLMs become deeper, they often suffer from signal degradation: informative features formed in shallow layers are gradually diluted by repeated residual updates, making…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures face challenges such as high memory consumption and redundancy in experts. Pruning MoE can reduce network weights while maintaining model performance. Motivated by the recent observation of emergent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Yanyue Xie , Zhi Zhang , Ding Zhou , Cong Xie , Ziang Song , Xin Liu , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin , An Xu

Existing large language models (LLMs) can only afford fix-sized inputs due to the input length limit, preventing them from utilizing rich long-context information from past inputs. To address this, we propose a framework, Language Models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Weizhi Wang , Li Dong , Hao Cheng , Xiaodong Liu , Xifeng Yan , Jianfeng Gao , Furu Wei

The demand for lightweight models in image classification tasks under resource-constrained environments necessitates a balance between computational efficiency and robust feature representation. Traditional attention mechanisms, despite…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-21 Zhenkai Qin , Feng Zhu , Huan Zeng , Xunyi Nong

Large language models (LLMs) are typically fine-tuned on diverse and extensive datasets sourced from various origins to develop a comprehensive range of skills, such as writing, reasoning, chatting, coding, and more. Each skill has unique…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Minghao Wu , Thuy-Trang Vu , Lizhen Qu , Gholamreza Haffari

The advancement of deep learning has led to the emergence of Mixture-of-Experts (MoEs) models, known for their dynamic allocation of computational resources based on input. Despite their promise, MoEs face challenges, particularly in terms…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Alexandre Muzio , Alex Sun , Churan He

Recurrent LLM architectures have emerged as a promising approach for improving reasoning, as they enable multi-step computation in the embedding space without generating intermediate tokens. Models such as Ouro perform reasoning by…

Transformers have been established as the de-facto backbones for most recent advances in sequence modeling, mainly due to their growing memory capacity that scales with the context length. While plausible for retrieval tasks, it causes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Ali Behrouz , Zeman Li , Yuan Deng , Peilin Zhong , Meisam Razaviyayn , Vahab Mirrokni

Personalized large language models (LLMs) rely on memory retrieval to incorporate user-specific histories, preferences, and contexts. Existing approaches either overload the LLM by feeding all the user's past memory into the prompt, which…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Yingyi Zhang , Junyi Li , Wenlin Zhang , Penyue Jia , Xianneng Li , Yichao Wang , Derong Xu , Yi Wen , Huifeng Guo , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

Although LLM agents can leverage tools for complex tasks, they still need memory to maintain cross-turn consistency and accumulate reusable information in long-horizon interactions. However, retrieval-based external memory systems incur low…

Memory plays a key role in enhancing LLMs' performance when deployed to real-world applications. Existing solutions face trade-offs: explicit memory designs based on external storage require complex management and incur storage overhead,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Xiaoqiang Wang , Suyuchen Wang , Yun Zhu , Bang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained immense success in revolutionizing various applications, including content generation, search and recommendation, and AI-assisted operation. To reduce high training costs, Mixture-of-Experts (MoE)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Hanfei Yu , Xingqi Cui , Hong Zhang , Hao Wang , Hao Wang

The emergence of large-scale Mixture of Experts (MoE) models represents a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, offering enhanced model capacity and computational efficiency through conditional computation. However, deploying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Jiacheng Liu , Peng Tang , Wenfeng Wang , Yuhang Ren , Xiaofeng Hou , Pheng-Ann Heng , Minyi Guo , Chao Li

Open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly specialize by domain (e.g., math, code, general reasoning), motivating systems that leverage complementary strengths across models. Prior multi-LLM approaches either (i) route a query to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-26 Jacob Fein-Ashley , Dhruv Parikh , Rajgopal Kannan , Viktor Prasanna

Retrieval plays a fundamental role in recommendation systems, search, and natural language processing (NLP) by efficiently finding relevant items from a large corpus given a query. Dot products have been widely used as the similarity…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Bailu Ding , Jiaqi Zhai

Memory-augmented neural networks consisting of a neural controller and an external memory have shown potentials in long-term sequential learning. Current RAM-like memory models maintain memory accessing every timesteps, thus they do not…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-03-21 Hung Le , Truyen Tran , Svetha Venkatesh

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) networks have been proposed as an efficient way to scale up model capacity and implement conditional computing. However, the study of MoE components mostly focused on the feedforward layer in Transformer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-10-12 Xiaofeng Zhang , Yikang Shen , Zeyu Huang , Jie Zhou , Wenge Rong , Zhang Xiong