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Cascades and speculative decoding are two common approaches to improving language models' inference efficiency. Both approaches involve interleaving models of different sizes, but via fundamentally distinct mechanisms: cascades employ a…

Quality Estimation (QE) models for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) predict the quality of the hypothesis without having access to the reference. An emerging research direction in NMT involves the use of QE models, which have demonstrated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Sai Koneru , Matthias Huck , Miriam Exel , Jan Niehues

Large-scale machine learning models deliver strong performance across a wide range of tasks but come with significant computational and resource constraints. To mitigate these challenges, local smaller models are often deployed alongside…

Model Cascading, recently applied successfully to LLMs, is a simple but powerful technique that improves the efficiency of inference by selectively applying models of varying sizes. Models are used in sequence from smallest to largest, only…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 David Warren , Mark Dras

Quality Estimation (QE) is the task of automatically predicting Machine Translation quality in the absence of reference translations, making it applicable in real-time settings, such as translating online social media conversations. Recent…

Cascades are a classical strategy to enable inference cost to vary adaptively across samples, wherein a sequence of classifiers are invoked in turn. A deferral rule determines whether to invoke the next classifier in the sequence, or to…

Quality Estimation (QE) of Machine Translation (MT) is a task to estimate the quality scores for given translation outputs from an unknown MT system. However, QE scores for low-resource languages are usually intractable and hard to collect.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-05-18 Ting-Wei Wu , Yung-An Hsieh , Yi-Chieh Liu

Recent years have seen big advances in the field of sentence-level quality estimation (QE), largely as a result of using neural-based architectures. However, the majority of these methods work only on the language pair they are trained on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-11-05 Tharindu Ranasinghe , Constantin Orasan , Ruslan Mitkov

Large transformer-based language models have been shown to be very effective in many classification tasks. However, their computational complexity prevents their use in applications requiring the classification of a large set of candidates.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-08 Luca Soldaini , Alessandro Moschitti

Recent advances in language models (LMs) have led to significant improvements in quality on complex NLP tasks, but at the expense of increased inference costs. Cascading offers a simple strategy to achieve more favorable cost-quality…

Recent advances in automatic quality estimation for machine translation have exclusively focused on written language, leaving the speech modality underexplored. In this work, we formulate the task of quality estimation for speech…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 HyoJung Han , Kevin Duh , Marine Carpuat

Several previous works concluded that the largest part of generation capabilities of large language models (LLM) are learned (early) during pre-training. However, LLMs still require further alignment to adhere to downstream task…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Ayoub Hammal , Pierre Zweigenbaum , Caio Corro

Large Language Models (LLMs) have a natural role in answering complex queries about data streams, but the high computational cost of LLM inference makes them infeasible in many such tasks. We propose online cascade learning, the first…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Lunyiu Nie , Zhimin Ding , Erdong Hu , Christopher Jermaine , Swarat Chaudhuri

Reducing serving cost and latency is a fundamental concern for the deployment of language models (LMs) in business applications. To address this, cascades of LMs offer an effective solution that conditionally employ smaller models for…

Quality estimation (QE)-the automatic assessment of translation quality-has recently become crucial across several stages of the translation pipeline, from data curation to training and decoding. While QE metrics have been optimized to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Emmanouil Zaranis , Giuseppe Attanasio , Sweta Agrawal , André F. T. Martins

Current state-of-the-art Quality Estimation (QE) in machine translation relies on massive, proprietary LLMs, raising data privacy concerns. We demonstrate that smaller, open-source LLMs (<30B parameters) are a viable, cost-effective and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Kamil Guttmann , Zofia Fraś , Artur Nowakowski , Krzysztof Jassem

Neural machine translation models rely on the beam search algorithm for decoding. In practice, we found that the quality of hypotheses in the search space is negatively affected owing to the fixed beam size. To mitigate this problem, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-07-11 Raphael Shu , Hideki Nakayama

Sentence-level Quality estimation (QE) of machine translation is traditionally formulated as a regression task, and the performance of QE models is typically measured by Pearson correlation with human labels. Recent QE models have achieved…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-20 Shuo Sun , Ahmed El-Kishky , Vishrav Chaudhary , James Cross , Francisco Guzmán , Lucia Specia

Sentence level quality estimation (QE) for machine translation (MT) attempts to predict the translation edit rate (TER) cost of post-editing work required to correct MT output. We describe our view on sentence-level QE as dictated by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-05-08 Junpei Zhou , Ciprian Chelba , Yuezhang , Li

It is expensive to evaluate the results of Machine Translation(MT), which usually requires manual translation as a reference. Machine Translation Quality Estimation (QE) is a task of predicting the quality of machine translations without…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-19 Lei Lin
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