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Class-agnostic image segmentation is a crucial component in automating image editing workflows, especially in contexts where object selection traditionally involves interactive tools. Existing methods in the literature often adhere to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Sebastian Dille , Ari Blondal , Sylvain Paris , Yağız Aksoy

Generating queries corresponding to natural language questions is a long standing problem. Traditional methods lack language flexibility, while newer sequence-to-sequence models require large amount of data. Schema-agnostic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-16 Amol Kelkar , Nachiketa Rajpurohit , Utkarsh Mittal , Peter Relan

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) adapts pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) to domain-specific instructions by training on a carefully curated subset of high-quality instruction-response pairs, typically drawn from a larger dataset that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Zile Yang , Ling Li , Na Di , Jinlong Pang , Yao Zhou , Hao Cheng , Bo Han , Jiaheng Wei

To acquire instruction-following capabilities, large language models (LLMs) undergo instruction tuning, where they are trained on instruction-response pairs using next-token prediction (NTP). Efforts to improve instruction tuning often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Yuxin Xiao , Shujian Zhang , Wenxuan Zhou , Marzyeh Ghassemi , Sanqiang Zhao

ChatGPT has achieved remarkable success in natural language understanding. Considering that recommendation is indeed a conversation between users and the system with items as words, which has similar underlying pattern with ChatGPT, we…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-04-16 Yabin Zhang , Wenhui Yu , Erhan Zhang , Xu Chen , Lantao Hu , Peng Jiang , Kun Gai

This paper proposes a neural semantic parsing approach -- Sequence-to-Action, which models semantic parsing as an end-to-end semantic graph generation process. Our method simultaneously leverages the advantages from two recent promising…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-09-05 Bo Chen , Le Sun , Xianpei Han

Although automatic speech recognition (ASR) task has gained remarkable success by sequence-to-sequence models, there are two main mismatches between its training and testing that might lead to performance degradation: 1) The typically used…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-14 Chen Chen , Yuchen Hu , Nana Hou , Xiaofeng Qi , Heqing Zou , Eng Siong Chng

We study machine unlearning in large generative models by framing the task as density ratio estimation to a target distribution rather than supervised fine-tuning. While classifier guidance is a standard approach for approximating this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-12 Jacob L. Block , Mehryar Mohri , Aryan Mokhtari , Sanjay Shakkottai

This work introduces a new multi-task, parameter-efficient language model (LM) tuning method that learns to transfer knowledge across different tasks via a mixture of soft prompts-small prefix embedding vectors pre-trained for different…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-02 Akari Asai , Mohammadreza Salehi , Matthew E. Peters , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Generative models have gained more and more attention in recent years for their remarkable success in tasks that required estimating and sampling data distribution to generate high-fidelity synthetic data. In speech, text-to-speech…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-27 Alexander H. Liu , Matt Le , Apoorv Vyas , Bowen Shi , Andros Tjandra , Wei-Ning Hsu

This paper presents an Impedance Primitive-augmented hierarchical reinforcement learning framework for efficient robotic manipulation in sequential contact tasks. We leverage this hierarchical structure to sequentially execute behavior…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Amin Berjaoui Tahmaz , Ravi Prakash , Jens Kober

Constructing AI models that respond to text instructions is challenging, especially for sequential decision-making tasks. This work introduces a methodology, inspired by unCLIP, for instruction-tuning generative models of behavior without…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-02-06 Shalev Lifshitz , Keiran Paster , Harris Chan , Jimmy Ba , Sheila McIlraith

Recent research enhances language model reasoning by scaling test-time compute via longer chain-of-thought traces. This often improves accuracy but also introduces redundancy and high computational cost, especially for small language models…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Xuechen Zhang , Zijian Huang , Chenshun Ni , Ziyang Xiong , Jiasi Chen , Samet Oymak

Sequence-to-sequence (Seq2Seq) models with attention have excelled at tasks which involve generating natural language sentences such as machine translation, image captioning and speech recognition. Performance has further been improved by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-08-23 Anuroop Sriram , Heewoo Jun , Sanjeev Satheesh , Adam Coates

Existing LLMs-post-training techniques are broadly categorized into supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT). Each paradigm presents a distinct trade-off: (1) SFT excels at mimicking demonstration data, but can lead…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Zeyu Huang , Tianhao Cheng , Zihan Qiu , Zili Wang , Yinghui Xu , Edoardo M. Ponti , Ivan Titov

Humans can retain old knowledge while learning new information, but Large Language Models (LLMs) often suffer from catastrophic forgetting when post-pretrained or supervised fine-tuned (SFT) on domain-specific data. Moreover, for Multimodal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Zilun Zhang , Yutao Sun , Tiancheng Zhao , Leigang Sha , Ruochen Xu , Kyusong Lee , Jianwei Yin

Scaling test-time compute has emerged as a powerful mechanism for enhancing Large Language Model (LLM) performance. However, standard post-training paradigms, Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) and Reinforcement Learning (RL), optimize the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-21 Adam Ousherovitch , Ambuj Tewari

Understanding user intent is essential for situational and context-aware decision-making. Motivated by a real-world scenario, this work addresses intent predictions of smart device users in the vicinity of vehicles by modeling sequential…

Improving Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in the post-training stage typically relies on supervised fine-tuning (SFT) or reinforcement learning (RL), which require expensive and manually annotated multi-modal data--an ultimately…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Lai Wei , Yuting Li , Chen Wang , Yue Wang , Linghe Kong , Weiran Huang , Lichao Sun

Latent reasoning offers a computation-efficient alternative to Chain-of-Thought but often suffers from performance degradation due to distributional misalignment and ambiguous chain definitions. Ideally, latent reasoning should function as…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Jingcheng Deng , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Shicheng Xu , Zenghao Duan , Kun Xu , Yang Song , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng