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The critical challenge of prompt injection attacks in Large Language Models (LLMs) integrated applications, a growing concern in the Artificial Intelligence (AI) field. Such attacks, which manipulate LLMs through natural language inputs,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Xuchen Suo

Machine learning models are known to leak sensitive information, as they inevitably memorize (parts of) their training data. More alarmingly, large language models (LLMs) are now trained on nearly all available data, which amplifies the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-10 Jiashu Tao , Reza Shokri

Impressive progress has been made in automated problem-solving by the collaboration of large language model (LLM) based agents. However, these automated capabilities also open avenues for malicious applications. In this paper, we study a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Yuntao Du , Zitao Li , Bolin Ding , Yaliang Li , Hanshen Xiao , Jingren Zhou , Ninghui Li

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems enhance large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge bases, but this advancement introduces significant privacy risks. Existing privacy attacks on RAG systems can trigger data…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-25 Yufei Chen , Yao Wang , Haibin Zhang , Tao Gu

Realistic, large-scale, and well-labeled cybersecurity datasets are essential for training and evaluating Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). However, they remain difficult to obtain due to privacy constraints, data sensitivity, and the cost…

Recent studies have demonstrated the vulnerability of sequential recommender systems to Model Extraction Attacks (MEAs). MEAs collect responses from recommender systems to replicate their functionality, enabling unauthorized deployments and…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-24 Shilong Zhao , Fei Sun , Kaike Zhang , Shaoling Jing , Du Su , Zhichao Shi , Zhiyi Yin , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

We address the challenge of generating diverse attack prompts for large language models (LLMs) that elicit harmful behaviors (e.g., insults, sexual content) and are used for safety fine-tuning. Rather than relying on manual prompt…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Taeyoung Yun , Pierre-Luc St-Charles , Jinkyoo Park , Yoshua Bengio , Minsu Kim

System prompts that include detailed instructions to describe the task performed by the underlying LLM can easily transform foundation models into tools and services with minimal overhead. They are often considered intellectual property,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 David Pape , Sina Mavali , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Lea Schönherr

Phishing remains a persistent cybersecurity threat; however, developing scalable and effective user training is labor-intensive and challenging to maintain. Generative Artificial Intelligence offers an interesting opportunity, but empirical…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Francesco Greco , Giuseppe Desolda , Cesare Tucci , Andrea Esposito , Antonio Curci , Antonio Piccinno

Knowledge erasure in large language models (LLMs) is important for ensuring compliance with data and AI regulations, safeguarding user privacy, mitigating bias, and misinformation. Existing unlearning methods aim to make the process of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Yash Sinha , Manit Baser , Murari Mandal , Dinil Mon Divakaran , Mohan Kankanhalli

Software engineers in various industrial domains are already using Large Language Models (LLMs) to accelerate the process of implementing parts of software systems. When considering its potential use for ADAS or AD systems in the automotive…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Ali Nouri , Beatriz Cabrero-Daniel , Zhennan Fei , Krishna Ronanki , Håkan Sivencrona , Christian Berger

Large language models (LLMs), known for their capability in understanding and following instructions, are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Researchers have found that current commercial LLMs either fail to be "harmless" by presenting…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-05 Bocheng Chen , Advait Paliwal , Qiben Yan

Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming vital tools that help us solve and understand complex problems by acting as digital assistants. LLMs can generate convincing explanations, even when only given the inputs and outputs of these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Rohan Ajwani , Shashidhar Reddy Javaji , Frank Rudzicz , Zining Zhu

Log-based insider threat detection (ITD) detects malicious user activities by auditing log entries. Recently, large language models (LLMs) with strong common sense knowledge have emerged in the domain of ITD. Nevertheless, diverse activity…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-20 Chengyu Song , Linru Ma , Jianming Zheng , Jinzhi Liao , Hongyu Kuang , Lin Yang

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become powerful and widely adopted in some practical applications. However, recent research has revealed their vulnerability to multimodal jailbreak attacks, whereby the model can be induced to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Ziyi Zhang , Zhen Sun , Zongmin Zhang , Jihui Guo , Xinlei He

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) expands the capabilities of modern large language models (LLMs), by anchoring, adapting, and personalizing their responses to the most relevant knowledge sources. It is particularly useful in chatbot…

The increasing reliance on large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT in various fields emphasizes the importance of ``prompt engineering,'' a technology to improve the quality of model outputs. With companies investing significantly in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-21 Zeyang Sha , Yang Zhang

Creating secure and resilient applications with large language models (LLM) requires anticipating, adjusting to, and countering unforeseen threats. Red-teaming has emerged as a critical technique for identifying vulnerabilities in…

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) has emerged as a vital complementary approach that operates in the early phases of the cyber threat lifecycle. CTI involves collecting, processing, and analyzing threat data to provide a more accurate and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Samaneh Shafee , Alysson Bessani , Pedro M. Ferreira

Despite significant advancements, large language models (LLMs) still struggle with providing accurate answers when lacking domain-specific or up-to-date knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) addresses this limitation by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Yuefeng Peng , Junda Wang , Hong Yu , Amir Houmansadr
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