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The AI era has ushered in Large Language Models (LLM) to the technological forefront, which has been much of the talk in 2023, and is likely to remain as such for many years to come. LLMs are the AI models that are the power house behind…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Anjanava Biswas , Wrick Talukdar

Integrating large language models (LLMs) into patient-facing healthcare systems offers significant potential to improve access to medical information. However, ensuring clinical safety and factual reliability remains a critical challenge.…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Elham Nasarian , Abhilash Neog , Kwok-Leung Tsui , Niyousha HosseiniChimeh

As LLMs increasingly impact safety-critical applications, ensuring their safety using guardrails remains a key challenge. This paper proposes GuardReasoner, a new safeguard for LLMs, by guiding the guard model to learn to reason.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Yue Liu , Hongcheng Gao , Shengfang Zhai , Yufei He , Jun Xia , Zhengyu Hu , Yulin Chen , Xihong Yang , Jiaheng Zhang , Stan Z. Li , Hui Xiong , Bryan Hooi

Intelligent software systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in critical sectors, raising concerns about their safety during runtime. Through an industry-academic collaboration when deploying an LLM-powered…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Rui Yang , Michael Fu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Chetan Arora , Gunel Gulmammadova , Joey Chua

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have showcased remarkable capabilities across various tasks in different domains. However, the emergence of biases and the potential for generating harmful content in LLMs, particularly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-25 Zhuowen Yuan , Zidi Xiong , Yi Zeng , Ning Yu , Ruoxi Jia , Dawn Song , Bo Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) offer transformative potential for high-stakes domains like finance and law, but their tendency to hallucinate, generating factually incorrect or unsupported content, poses a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Ahmad Pesaranghader , Erin Li

Guardrail, an emerging mechanism designed to ensure that large language models (LLMs) align with human values by moderating harmful or toxic responses, requires a sociotechnical approach in their design. This paper addresses a critical…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-05 Jinwei Hu , Yi Dong , Xiaowei Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) deployed in production environments face a fundamental safety-utility trade-off either a strict filtering mechanisms prevent harmful outputs but often block benign queries or a relaxed controls risk unsafe…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-18 Ankit Sharma , Nachiket Tapas , Jyotiprakash Patra

Ensuring the safety of large language models (LLMs) is critical as they are deployed in real-world applications. Existing guardrails rely on rule-based filtering or single-pass classification, limiting their ability to handle nuanced safety…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Xiaofei Wen , Wenxuan Zhou , Wenjie Jacky Mo , Muhao Chen

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable progress in vision-language reasoning tasks, yet ensuring their safety remains a critical challenge. Recent input-side defenses detect unsafe images with CLIP and prepend safety…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-02 Xingyu Zhu , Beier Zhu , Junfeng Fang , Shuo Wang , Yin Zhang , Xiang Wang , Xiangnan He

We propose a lightweight explainable guardrail (LEG) method to detect unsafe prompts. LEG uses a multi-task learning architecture to jointly learn a prompt classifier and an explanation classifier, where the latter labels prompt words that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Md Asiful Islam , Mihai Surdeanu

While Large Language Models have transformed how we interact with AI systems, they suffer from a critical flaw: they confidently generate false information that sounds entirely plausible. This hallucination problem has become a major…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Piyushkumar Patel

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly embedded in Computer Science (CS) classrooms to automate code generation, feedback, and assessment. However, their susceptibility to adversarial or ill-intentioned prompts threatens student…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Nishat Raihan , Noah Erdachew , Jayoti Devi , Joanna C. S. Santos , Marcos Zampieri

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented fluency but remain susceptible to "hallucinations" - the generation of factually incorrect or ungrounded content. This limitation is particularly critical in high-stakes domains where…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Md. Asraful Haque , Aasar Mehdi , Maaz Mahboob , Tamkeen Fatima

Large Language Models (LLMs) guardrail systems are designed to protect against prompt injection and jailbreak attacks. However, they remain vulnerable to evasion techniques. We demonstrate two approaches for bypassing LLM prompt injection…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 William Hackett , Lewis Birch , Stefan Trawicki , Neeraj Suri , Peter Garraghan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation tasks. However, when applied to hardware description languages (HDL), these models exhibit significant limitations due to data…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing tasks, yet their application in hardware security verification remains limited due to scarcity of publicly available hardware description…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Touseef Hasan , Blessing Airehenbuwa , Nitin Pundir , Souvika Sarkar , Ujjwal Guin

Maintaining the safety of large language models (LLMs) is crucial as they are increasingly deployed in real-world applications. Existing safety guardrails typically rely on single-pass classification or, more recently, distilled reasoning.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Siddharth Sai , Xiaofei Wen , Muhao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are vulnerable to adversarial prompt based injects. These injects could jailbreak or exploit vulnerabilities within these models with explicit prompt requests leading to undesired responses. In the context of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-02-18 Jonathan Pan , Swee Liang Wong , Yidi Yuan , Xin Wei Chia

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit impressive reasoning and question-answering capabilities. However, they often produce inaccurate or unreliable content known as hallucinations. This unreliability significantly limits their deployment in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-16 Minh Vu , Brian K. Tran , Syed A. Shah , Geigh Zollicoffer , Nhat Hoang-Xuan , Manish Bhattarai