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Test-time domain adaptation is a challenging task that aims to adapt a pre-trained model to limited, unlabeled target data during inference. Current methods that rely on self-supervision and entropy minimization underperform when the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-03 Chen Tao , Li Shen , Soumik Mondal

In real-world scenarios, tabular data often suffer from distribution shifts that threaten the performance of machine learning models. Despite its prevalence and importance, handling distribution shifts in the tabular domain remains…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Changhun Kim , Taewon Kim , Seungyeon Woo , June Yong Yang , Eunho Yang

Despite recent advancements in deep learning, deep neural networks continue to suffer from performance degradation when applied to new data that differs from training data. Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to address this challenge by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Sanghun Jung , Jungsoo Lee , Nanhee Kim , Amirreza Shaban , Byron Boots , Jaegul Choo

Test-time adaptation (TTA) methods have gained significant attention for enhancing the performance of vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP during inference, without requiring additional labeled data. However, current TTA researches…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Lijun Sheng , Jian Liang , Ran He , Zilei Wang , Tieniu Tan

Test-time adaptation (TTA) has shown to be effective at tackling distribution shifts between training and testing data by adapting a given model on test samples. However, the online model updating of TTA may be unstable and this is often a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-02-27 Shuaicheng Niu , Jiaxiang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Zhiquan Wen , Yaofo Chen , Peilin Zhao , Mingkui Tan

Test-time adaptation (TTA) offers a compelling remedy for machine learning (ML) models that degrade under domain shifts, improving generalisation on-the-fly with only unlabelled samples. This flexibility suits real deployments, yet…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Sudarshan Sreeram , Young D. Kwon , Cecilia Mascolo

Test-time alignment (TTA) aims to adapt models to specific rewards during inference. However, existing methods tend to either under-optimise or over-optimise (reward hack) the target reward function. We propose Null-Text Test-Time Alignment…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Taehoon Kim , Henry Gouk , Timothy Hospedales

Multi-modal test-time adaptation (MM-TTA) adapts models to an unlabeled target domain by leveraging the complementary multi-modal inputs in an online manner. While previous MM-TTA methods for 3D segmentation offer a promising solution by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Haozhi Cao , Yuecong Xu , Pengyu Yin , Xingyu Ji , Shenghai Yuan , Jianfei Yang , Lihua Xie

Many tasks in natural language processing can be viewed as multi-label classification problems. However, most of the existing models are trained with the standard cross-entropy loss function and use a fixed prediction policy (e.g., a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-09-11 Jiawei Wu , Wenhan Xiong , William Yang Wang

Test-time adaptation paradigm provides flexibility towards domain shifts by performing immediate adaptation on unlabeled target data from the source model. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) leverage their generalization capabilities for diverse…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Jisu Han , Wonjun Hwang

Meta-learning performs adaptation through a limited amount of support set, which may cause a sample bias problem. To solve this problem, transductive meta-learning is getting more and more attention, going beyond the conventional inductive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-04-25 Sanghyuk Lee , Seunghyun Lee , Byung Cheol Song

The performance of deep learning models depends heavily on test samples at runtime, and shifts from the training data distribution can significantly reduce accuracy. Test-time adaptation (TTA) addresses this by adapting models during…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Michal Danilowski , Soumyajit Chatterjee , Abhirup Ghosh

Fully test-time adaptation (FTTA) adapts a model that is trained on a source domain to a target domain during the testing phase, where the two domains follow different distributions and source data is unavailable during the training phase.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-12-15 Houcheng Su , Daixian Liu , Mengzhu Wang , Wei Wang

The multi-label classification problem has generated significant interest in recent years. However, existing approaches do not adequately address two key challenges: (a) the ability to tackle problems with a large number (say millions) of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2013-11-26 Hsiang-Fu Yu , Prateek Jain , Purushottam Kar , Inderjit S. Dhillon

Vision-Language Models seamlessly discriminate among arbitrary semantic categories, yet they still suffer from poor generalization when presented with challenging examples. For this reason, Episodic Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) strategies…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Matteo Farina , Gianni Franchi , Giovanni Iacca , Massimiliano Mancini , Elisa Ricci

Test-time adaptation (TTA) enables online model adaptation using only unlabeled test data, aiming to bridge the gap between source and target distributions. However, in multimodal scenarios, varying degrees of distribution shift across…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Jiacheng Li , Songhe Feng

Test-time augmentation -- the aggregation of predictions across transformed examples of test inputs -- is an established technique to improve the performance of image classification models. Importantly, TTA can be used to improve model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-06-29 Helen Lu , Divya Shanmugam , Harini Suresh , John Guttag

Long-term test-time adaptation (TTA) is a challenging task due to error accumulation. Recent approaches tackle this issue by actively labeling a small proportion of samples in each batch, yet the annotation burden quickly grows as the batch…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-03-20 Guowei Wang , Changxing Ding

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) for black-box models accessible only via APIs remains a largely unexplored challenge. Existing approaches such as post-hoc output refinement offer limited adaptive capacity, while Zeroth-Order Optimization (ZOO)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-20 Yunbei Zhang , Shuaicheng Niu , Chengyi Cai , Feng Liu , Jihun Hamm

Visual-language models (VLMs) like CLIP exhibit strong generalization but struggle with distribution shifts at test time. Existing training-free test-time adaptation (TTA) methods operate strictly within CLIP's original feature space,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Jizhou Han , Chenhao Ding , SongLin Dong , Yuhang He , Xinyuan Gao , Yihong Gong