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Recent work shows that, beyond discrete reasoning through explicit chain-of-thought steps, which are limited by the boundaries of natural languages, large language models (LLMs) can also reason continuously in latent space, allowing richer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Dachuan Shi , Abedelkadir Asi , Keying Li , Xiangchi Yuan , Leyan Pan , Wenke Lee , Wen Xiao

Explicit Chain-of-Thought improves the reasoning performance of large language models but often incurs high inference cost due to verbose token-level traces. While recent approaches reduce this overhead via concise prompting or step…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-09 Yunlong Chu , Minglai Shao , Yuhang Liu , Bing Hao , Yumeng Lin , Jialu Wang , Ruijie Wang

Hand gesture-based Sign Language Recognition (SLR) serves as a crucial communication bridge between deaf and non-deaf individuals. While Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are common, they are limited by their reliance on fixed skeletal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Koki Hirooka , Abu Saleh Musa Miah , Tatsuya Murakami , Md. Al Mehedi Hasan , Yong Seok Hwang , Jungpil Shin

Large language models (LLMs) now solve multi-step problems by emitting extended chains of thought. During the process, they often re-derive the same intermediate steps across problems, inflating token usage and latency. This saturation of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Aniket Didolkar , Nicolas Ballas , Sanjeev Arora , Anirudh Goyal

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is a special class of recurrent neural network, which has shown remarkable successes in processing sequential data. The typical architecture of an LSTM involves a set of states and gates: the states retain…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-12-03 Arash Ardakani , Zhengyun Ji , Warren J. Gross

Effectively learning from sequential data is a longstanding goal of Artificial Intelligence, especially in the case of long sequences. From the dawn of Machine Learning, several researchers have pursued algorithms and architectures capable…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Matteo Tiezzi , Michele Casoni , Alessandro Betti , Marco Gori , Stefano Melacci

Large language model (LLM) based multi-turn dialogue systems often struggle to track dependencies across non-adjacent turns, undermining both consistency and scalability. As conversations lengthen, essential information becomes sparse and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Renning Pang , Tian Lan , Leyuan Liu , Xiaoming Huang , Piao Tong , Xiaosong Zhang

Deep state-space models (Deep SSMs) are becoming popular as effective approaches to model sequence data. They have also been shown to be capable of in-context learning, much like transformers. However, a complete picture of how SSMs might…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-19 Neeraj Mohan Sushma , Yudou Tian , Harshvardhan Mestha , Nicolo Colombo , David Kappel , Anand Subramoney

Looped Language Models (LoopLMs) enable efficient latent reasoning through depth recurrence, yet exhibit unreliable test-time scaling behavior: performance often peaks at a certain iteration depth and then collapses with further recurrence.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Xiao-Wen Yang , Ziyu Han , Xi-Hua Zhang , Wen-Da Wei , Jie-Jing Shao , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Modeling the parser state is key to good performance in transition-based parsing. Recurrent Neural Networks considerably improved the performance of transition-based systems by modelling the global state, e.g. stack-LSTM parsers, or local…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-22 Ramon Fernandez Astudillo , Miguel Ballesteros , Tahira Naseem , Austin Blodgett , Radu Florian

State-space models (SSMs) offer a powerful framework for dynamical system analysis, wherein the temporal dynamics of the system are assumed to be captured through the evolution of the latent states, which govern the values of the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-12-17 Jiahe Lin , George Michailidis

While Chain-of-Thought (CoT) significantly enhances the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs), explicit reasoning chains introduce substantial computational redundancy. Recent latent reasoning methods attempt to mitigate this by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Fanmeng Wang , Haotian Liu , Guojiang Zhao , Hongteng Xu , Zhifeng Gao

State Space Models (SSMs) have recently emerged as efficient alternatives to Transformer-Based Models (TBMs) for long-sequence processing with linear scaling, yet how contextual information flows across layers in these architectures remains…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-08 Nhat M. Hoang , Do Xuan Long , Cong-Duy Nguyen , Min-Yen Kan , Luu Anh Tuan

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in chain of thought (CoT) reasoning. However, the current LLM reasoning paradigm initiates thinking only after the entire input is available, which introduces…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Junlong Tong , Yingqi Fan , Anhao Zhao , Yunpu Ma , Xiaoyu Shen

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) solve complex tasks by generating long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) sequences; however, the emergent dynamics governing reasoning trajectories are not well understood and can lead to inconsistencies and reasoning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 G M Shahariar , Erfan Shayegani , Ali Nazari , Nael Abu-Ghazaleh

Effective navigation intelligence relies on long-term memory to support both immediate generalization and sustained adaptation. However, existing approaches face a dilemma: modular systems rely on explicit mapping but lack flexibility,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Zhiyuan Chen , Yuxuan Zhong , Fan Wang , Bo Yu , Pengtao Shao , Shaoshan Liu , Ning Ding

Transformers have achieved remarkable success across natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). However, deep transformer models often suffer from an over-smoothing issue, in which token representations converge to similar…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Satoshi Noguchi , Yoshinobu Kawahara

The Stop-Think-AutoRegress Language Diffusion Model (STAR-LDM) integrates latent diffusion planning with autoregressive generation. Unlike conventional autoregressive language models limited to token-by-token decisions, STAR-LDM…

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate their reasoning ability through chain-of-thought (CoT) generation. However, LLM's autoregressive decoding may limit the ability to revisit and refine earlier tokens in a holistic manner, which can…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-24 Haoqiang Kang , Yizhe Zhang , Nikki Lijing Kuang , Nicklas Majamaki , Navdeep Jaitly , Yi-An Ma , Lianhui Qin

The rigid, uniform allocation of computation in standard Transformer (TF) architectures can limit their efficiency and scalability, particularly for large-scale models and long sequences. Addressing this, we introduce Subjective Depth…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Frederico Wieser , Martin Benfeghoul , Haitham Bou Ammar , Jun Wang , Zafeirios Fountas