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Many applications, e.g., digital twins, rely on sensing data from Internet of Things (IoT) networks, which is used to infer event(s) and initiate actions to affect an environment. This gives rise to concerns relating to data integrity and…

This paper describes how Distributed Ledger Technologies can be used to design a class of cyber-physical systems, as well as to enforce social contracts and to orchestrate the behaviour of agents trying to access a shared resource. The…

Transformer models have recently gained popularity in graph representation learning as they have the potential to learn complex relationships beyond the ones captured by regular graph neural networks. The main research question is how to…

Several blockchain consensus protocols proposed to use of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) to solve the limited processing throughput of traditional single-chain Proof-of-Work (PoW) blockchains. Many such protocols utilize a random…

The scheduling and schedulability analysis of real-time directed acyclic graph (DAG) task systems have received much recent attention. The DAG model can accurately represent intra-task parallelim and precedence constraints existing in many…

With the ever growing Internet of Things (IoT) market, ledger systems are facing new challenges to efficiently store and secure enormous customer records collected by the IoT devices. The authenticity, availability, and integrity of these…

Blockchain is maintained as a global log between a network of nodes and uses cryptographic distributed protocols to synchronize the updates. As adopted by Bitcoin and Ethereum these update operations to the ledger are serialized, and…

Multiprocessor scheduling of hard real-time tasks modeled by directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) exploits the inherent parallelism presented by the model. For DAG tasks, a node represents a request to execute an object on one of the available…

In the Internet of Things (IoT) domain, devices need a platform to transact seamlessly without a trusted intermediary. Although Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) could provide such a platform, blockchains, such as Bitcoin, were not…

In distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) with a directed acyclic graph (DAG) data structure, a message-issuing node can decide where to append that message and, consequently, how to grow the DAG. This DAG data structure can typically be…

Blockchain has been regarded as a promising technology for Internet of Things (IoT), since it provides significant solutions for decentralized network which can address trust and security concerns, high maintenance cost problem, etc. The…

Computational task offloading based on edge computing can deal with the performance bottleneck of traditional cloud-based systems for Internet of things (IoT). To further optimize computing efficiency and resource allocation, collaborative…

Order fairness in distributed ledgers refers to properties that relate the order in which transactions are sent or received to the order in which they are eventually finalized, i.e., totally ordered. The study of such properties is…

Since the inception of blockchain and Bitcoin (Nakamoto (2008)), a decentralized-distributed ledger system and its associated cryptocurrency, respectively, the world has witnessed a slew of newer adaptations and applications. Although the…

This paper discusses congestion control and inconsistency problems in DAG-based distributed ledgers and proposes an additional filter to mitigate these issues. Unlike traditional blockchains, DAG-based DLTs use a directed acyclic graph…

The context-awareness of things that belong to IoT networks have to be considered in a distributed computation paradigm. In the paper we suggest the use of graph transformations and temporal logic as a formal framework for a knowledge…

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has become a critical technology to accelerate the process of digital and intelligent transformation of industries. As the cooperative relationship between smart devices in IIoT becomes more complex,…

Blockchain (BC) and Information for Operational and Tactical Analysis (IOTA) are distributed ledgers that record a huge number of transactions in multiple places at the same time using decentralized databases. Both BC and IOTA facilitate…

In recent years, the volume of data generated by IoT devices has increased dramatically. Using this data can improve decision-making in the public and private sectors and increase productivity. Many attempts have been made to enhance and…

To satisfy the increasing performance needs of modern cyber-physical systems, multiprocessor architectures are increasingly utilized. To efficiently exploit their potential parallelism in hard real-time systems, appropriate task models and…