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Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performances across a wide range of tasks. However, the mechanisms by which these models encode tasks of varying complexities remain poorly understood. In this paper, we explore the…

Cosine similarity between two documents can be computed using token embeddings formed by Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4, and used to categorize those documents across a range of uses. However, these similarities are ultimately…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-16 Tailia Malloy , Maria José Ferreira , Fei Fang , Cleotilde Gonzalez

Large language models (LLMs) have been one of the most important discoveries in machine learning in recent years. LLM-based artificial intelligence (AI) assistants, such as ChatGPT, have consistently attracted the attention from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Alexey Karev , Dong Xu

Measuring dataset similarity is fundamental in machine learning, particularly for transfer learning and domain adaptation. In the context of supervised learning, most existing approaches quantify similarity of two data sets based on their…

机器学习 · 统计学 2026-04-22 Shudong Sun , Hao Helen Zhang , Joseph C Watkins

Inequality proving, crucial across diverse scientific and mathematical fields, tests advanced reasoning skills such as discovering tight bounds and strategic theorem application. This makes it a distinct, demanding frontier for large…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Pan Lu , Jiayi Sheng , Luna Lyu , Jikai Jin , Tony Xia , Alex Gu , James Zou

Ontology, and more broadly, Knowledge Graph Matching is a challenging task in which expressiveness has not been fully addressed. Despite the increasing use of embeddings and language models for this task, approaches for generating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-20 Guilherme Sousa , Rinaldo Lima , Cassia Trojahn

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by the computational costs of processing massive datasets. We propose \textbf{QLESS} (Quantized Low-rank Gradient Similarity Search), which integrates gradient quantization with…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated unprecedented language understanding and reasoning capabilities to capture diverse user preferences and advance personalized recommendations. Despite the growing interest in LLM-based…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-30 Zihuai Zhao , Wenqi Fan , Yao Wu , Qing Li

Mixtures of Unigrams are one of the simplest and most efficient tools for clustering textual data, as they assume that documents related to the same topic have similar distributions of terms, naturally described by Multinomials. When the…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-12-10 Cinzia Viroli , Laura Anderlucci

Research on text simplification has primarily focused on lexical and sentence-level changes. Long document-level simplification (DS) is still relatively unexplored. Large Language Models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, have excelled in many natural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-08 Dengzhao Fang , Jipeng Qiang , Yi Zhu , Yunhao Yuan , Wei Li , Yan Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) process every token through all layers of a transformer stack, causing wasted computation on simple queries and insufficient flexibility for harder ones that need deeper reasoning. Adaptive-depth methods can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Ahmed Heakl , Martin Gubri , Salman Khan , Sangdoo Yun , Seong Joon Oh

Causal discovery is becoming a key part in medical AI research. These methods can enhance healthcare by identifying causal links between biomarkers, demographics, treatments and outcomes. They can aid medical professionals in choosing more…

This paper explores the spatial reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs) over textual input through a suite of five tasks aimed at probing their spatial understanding and computational abilities. The models were tested on both…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Maggie Bai , Ava Kim Cohen , Eleanor Koss , Charlie Lichtenbaum

Dense retrieval models use bi-encoder network architectures for learning query and document representations. These representations are often in the form of a vector representation and their similarities are often computed using the dot…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-05-01 Hamed Zamani , Michael Bendersky

Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in identifying qualitative causal relations, but their ability to perform quantitative causal reasoning -- estimating effect sizes that parametrize functional relationships -- remains…

Similarity search queries in high-dimensional spaces are an important type of queries in many domains such as image processing, machine learning, etc. Since exact similarity search indexing techniques suffer from the well-known curse of…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2019-07-30 Omid Jafari , John Ossorgin , Parth Nagarkar

Commonsense knowledge is essential for machines to reason about the world. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated their ability to perform almost human-like text generation. Despite this success, they fall short as trustworthy…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Hannah YoungEun An , Lenhart K. Schubert

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely applied to downstream domains. However, current LLMs for high-stakes domain tasks, such as financial investment and legal QA, typically generate brief answers without reasoning processes and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Xu Chu , Zhijie Tan , Hanlin Xue , Guanyu Wang , Tong Mo , Weiping Li

To enhance the efficiency of the attention mechanism within large language models (LLMs), previous works primarily compress the KV cache or group attention heads, while largely overlooking redundancy between layers. Our comprehensive…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Yongyu Mu , Yuzhang Wu , Yuchun Fan , Chenglong Wang , Hengyu Li , Jiali Zeng , Qiaozhi He , Murun Yang , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu