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Little red dots (LRDs) newly discovered with JWST are active galactic nuclei (AGN) that may represent black hole (BH) growth at the earliest cosmic epochs. These sources show puzzling features unlike typical AGNs, including red optical…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-04 Hiroya Umeda , Kohei Inayoshi , Yuichi Harikane , Kohta Murase

The James Webb Space Telescope has detected massive black holes (BHs) with masses of $\sim 10^{6-8}~M_\odot$ within the first billion years of the universe. One of the remarkable findings is the identification of "Little Red Dots" (LRDs), a…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-07-17 Kohei Inayoshi

The population of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) newly discovered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) exhibits peculiar properties that distinguish it from both local type I AGN and high-redshift quasars. Most of these sources are…

We present the deepest medium-resolution JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy to date of a bright Little Red Dot (LRD) AGN, Irony at z=6.68. The data reveal broad Balmer emission from H$\alpha$-H$\delta$ and Balmer absorption in H$\alpha$-H$\epsilon$.…

JWST has unveiled an abundant population of compact broad-line emitters largely at $z\gtrsim4$, the Little Red Dots (LRDs), which might represent a previously unprobed supermassive black hole evolution channel predominant at high redshift.…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2026-05-15 Kevin Park , Alberto Torralba , Jorryt Matthee , Sara Mascia , Zoltán Haiman , Rohan P. Naidu , Anna de Graaff

JWST's "Little Red Dots" (LRDs) are increasingly interpreted as active galactic nuclei (AGN) obscured by dense thermalized gas rather than dust as evidenced by their X-ray weakness, blackbody-like continua, and Balmer line profiles. A key…

JWST is revolutionizing our view of the early Universe by pushing the boundaries of detectable galaxies and black holes in redshift (upward) and mass (downward). The Little Red Dots (LRDs), detected by several surveys at $z > 4$, present a…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-23 Emmanuel Durodola , Fabio Pacucci , Ryan C. Hickox

Observations with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have uncovered numerous faint active galactic nuclei (AGN) at $z\sim5$ and beyond. These objects are key to our understanding of the formation of supermassive black holes (SMBHs),…

JWST has revealed a population of compact galaxies in the early Universe with broad emission lines and strong Balmer breaks; among them the so-called ''little red dots'' (LRDs). Their nature remains uncertain with hypotheses including…

We present a spectroscopic sample of 23 broad-line AGNs (BLAGNs) at $3\lesssim z\lesssim 6$ selected using F322W2+F444W NIRCam/WFSS grism spectroscopy of the central 100 ${\rm arcmin^2}$ area of the NEXUS survey. Among these BLAGNs, 15 are…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-05-28 Ming-Yang Zhuang , Junyao Li , Yue Shen , Xiaojing Lin , Alice E. Shapley , Feige Wang , Qiaoya Wu , Qian Yang

The population of the Little Red Dots (LRDs) may represent a key phase of supermassive black hole (SMBH) growth. A cocoon of dense excited gas is emerging as key component to explain the most striking properties of LRDs, such as strong…

The physical origin of Little Red Dots (LRDs)--compact extragalactic sources with red rest-optical continua and broad Balmer lines--remains elusive. The redness of LRDs is likely intrinsic, suggesting optically thick gas emitting at a…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-29 Hanpu Liu , Yan-Fei Jiang , Eliot Quataert , Jenny E. Greene , Yilun Ma

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have revolutionized extragalactic research, particularly with the discovery of little red dots (LRD), which we propose are dust-reddened broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Their…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-02-06 Zhengrong Li , Kohei Inayoshi , Kejian Chen , Kohei Ichikawa , Luis C. Ho

As an unprecedented large population in the early universe, the JWST-discovered little red dots (LRDs) have garnered much attention for formation of massive black holes and galaxies, but their nature remains a mystery. The LRDs appearing as…

Little Red Dots (LRDs) are a new class of compact extragalactic objects, with a v-shaped optical spectral energy distribution breaking close to the Balmer break wavelength, and broad, typically exponentially-shaped lines. They are believed…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-09 G. P. Nikopoulos , D. Watson , A. Sneppen , V. Rusakov , K. E. Heintz , J. Witstok , G. Brammer