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Recent advances in the development of large language models have resulted in public access to state-of-the-art pre-trained language models (PLMs), including Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3 (GPT-3) and Bidirectional Encoder…

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied for their remarkable capability of content generation. However, the practical use of open-source LLMs is hindered by high resource requirements, making deployment expensive and limiting…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Wenjie Qu , Yuguang Zhou , Yongji Wu , Tingsong Xiao , Binhang Yuan , Yiming Li , Jiaheng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being harnessed to automate cyberattacks, making sophisticated exploits more accessible and scalable. In response, we propose a new defense strategy tailored to counter LLM-driven cyberattacks.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Dario Pasquini , Evgenios M. Kornaropoulos , Giuseppe Ateniese

Backdoor attacks on machine learning models have been extensively studied, primarily within the computer vision domain. Originally, these attacks manipulated classifiers to generate incorrect outputs in the presence of specific, often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Sharon Lin , Krishnamurthy , Dvijotham , Jamie Hayes , Chongyang Shi , Ilia Shumailov , Shuang Song

The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to a parallel rise in the development of Large Multimodal Models (LMMs), which have begun to transform a variety of applications. These sophisticated multimodal models are designed to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Fouad Trad , Ali Chehab

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been gaining a lot of interest due to their adaptability and extensibility in emerging applications, including communication networks. It is anticipated that ZSM networks will be able to support…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Sunder Ali Khowaja , Parus Khuwaja , Kapal Dev , Hussam Al Hamadi , Engin Zeydan

LLM-powered applications routinely embed secrets in system prompts, yet models can be tricked into revealing them. We built an adaptive attacker that evolves its strategies over hundreds of rounds and tested it against nine defense…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-14 Priyal Deep , Shane Emmons , Amy Fox , Kyle Bacon , Kelley McAllister , Peter Ortiz , Krisztian Flautner

The increasing reliance on Large Language Models (LLMs) in sensitive domains like finance necessitates robust methods for privacy preservation and regulatory compliance. This paper presents an iterative meta-prompting methodology designed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Sayash Raaj Hiraou

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being integrated into applications such as chatbots or email assistants. To prevent improper responses, safety mechanisms, such as Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), are implemented in them.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Matteo Gioele Collu , Tom Janssen-Groesbeek , Stefanos Koffas , Mauro Conti , Stjepan Picek

Jailbreak attacks aim to exploit large language models (LLMs) by inducing them to generate harmful content, thereby revealing their vulnerabilities. Understanding and addressing these attacks is crucial for advancing the field of LLM…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Zheng Zhang , Peilin Zhao , Deheng Ye , Hao Wang

Safety fine-tuning helps align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences for their safe deployment. To better understand the underlying factors that make models safe via safety fine-tuning, we design a synthetic data generation…

Instruction fine-tuning attacks pose a serious threat to large language models (LLMs) by subtly embedding poisoned examples in fine-tuning datasets, leading to harmful or unintended behaviors in downstream applications. Detecting such…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Jiawei Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are commonly finetuned for a variety of use cases and domains. A common approach is to leverage Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) -- known to provide strong performance at low resource costs. In this study, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Marcel Mateos Salles , Praney Goyal , Pradyut Sekhsaria , Hai Huang , Randall Balestriero

Recent developments in Large Language Models (LLMs) have manifested significant advancements. To facilitate safeguards against malicious exploitation, a body of research has concentrated on aligning LLMs with human preferences and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-11 Yuanpu Cao , Bochuan Cao , Jinghui Chen

Prompt engineering reduces reasoning mistakes in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, its effectiveness in mitigating vulnerabilities in LLM-generated code remains underexplored. To address this gap, we implemented a benchmark to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Marc Bruni , Fabio Gabrielli , Mohammad Ghafari , Martin Kropp

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate complex responses to threat-based manipulations, revealing both vulnerabilities and unexpected performance enhancement opportunities. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of 3,390…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Atil Samancioglu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being adopted in a wide range of real-world applications. Despite their impressive performance, recent studies have shown that LLMs are vulnerable to deliberately crafted adversarial prompts…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-06-17 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Yige Li , Ye Zhang , Jun Sun

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into academic peer review, their vulnerability to adversarial hidden prompts, i.e., adversarial instructions embedded in submissions to manipulate outcomes, poses a critical threat…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Yuan Xin , Yixuan Weng , Minjun Zhu , Ying Ling , Chengwei Qin , Michael Backes , Yue Zhang , Linyi Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the unique capability to understand and generate human-like text from input queries. When fine-tuned, these models show enhanced performance on domain-specific queries. OpenAI highlights the process of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Scott Barnett , Zac Brannelly , Stefanus Kurniawan , Sheng Wong

To determine the safety of large language models (LLMs), AI developers must be able to assess their dangerous capabilities. But simple prompting strategies often fail to elicit an LLM's full capabilities. One way to elicit capabilities more…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Ryan Greenblatt , Fabien Roger , Dmitrii Krasheninnikov , David Krueger
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